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Philosophy 1st quarter > Philo-Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Philo-Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

The immortal and noncorporeal essence of man

A

Spirit

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2
Q

Is a central concept in discussing the nature of the human soul.

A

Embodiment

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3
Q

It refers primarily to how the body, its senses, and perception define human function and consciousness.

A

Embodiment

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4
Q

That man is able to perceive and experience reality through his physical body.

A

Embodied cognition

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5
Q

As the departed spirits will be raised from the dead and receive the judgement of God.

A

Salvation of mankind

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6
Q

Believe that the human spirit or soul is composed of three parts

A

Plato

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7
Q

Three parts of soul or spirit

A

Logos, thymos, and epithymia

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8
Q

the mind or reason

A

logos

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9
Q

spirit

A

thymos

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10
Q

appetitie

A

epithymia

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11
Q

this is what makes the body move according to plato

A

soul

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12
Q

this is responsible for our having rational goals

A

reason

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13
Q

is the will or the drive toward an action

A

spirit

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14
Q

refers to the things that the body dersires

A

appetite

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15
Q

rejected Plato’s explanation and believed that the souls is not independent of the body but is integrated into the human being.

A

Aristotle

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16
Q

refers to the components that make up an object

A

matter

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17
Q

refers to the structure and arrangement of matter that actually give rise to the object itself.

A

form

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18
Q

considers the question of how the mental or nonphysical are able to interact with the physical body and to what extent one influences the other

A

Mind body problem

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19
Q

believes that physical processes determine the state of the mind

A

physicalism

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20
Q

holds that mental processes and thought are the only reality

A

idealism

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21
Q

argues that the human being is composed of elements that are neither physical or mental

A

monism

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22
Q

believes in the distinctiveness of the physical and mental natures of man.

A

Dualism

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23
Q

He is an Islamic philosopher; who argued that self-awareness and consciousness exist even if the body is deprived of it’s senses.

A

Avicenna

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24
Q

he proposed that the mind and body exist as two separate entities that interact with one another

A

Rene Descartes

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25
Q

he believed that the soul is the “first actuality” of the body; for there to be a body, there should first be a soul.

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

26
Q

he considered the soul to be the driving force that governs the body and defines the human person.

A

St. Augustine

27
Q

hold that man is composed of three essential parts;

A

Trichotomic view

28
Q

man three essential parts

A

body, soul, and spirit

29
Q

defined as the component which gives man life and will

A

soul

30
Q

enables man to establish a connection with God

A

Spirit

31
Q

makes no distinction between the spirit and the soul and views man as being composed of the body and spirit

A

Dichotomic view

32
Q

asserts that man has a single or unitary constitution and that the body and spirit are inseparable and integrated

A

Phychosomatic unity

33
Q

the study of God and other religious concepts

A

Theology

34
Q

is the belief in the existence of a god or several deities

A

theism

35
Q

God is all-knowing

A

Omniscience

36
Q

God is all-powerful

A

Omnipotence

37
Q

God is ever-present

A

Omnipresence

38
Q

God is perfectly good, just, and all-loving

A

Benevolence

39
Q

All attributes are integrated into and embodied by Him- God is not just “good”; He is goodness itself.

A

Divine Simplicity

40
Q

God is timeless and has no beginning or end

A

Eternal

41
Q

Theologians have embarked on a study of God through the analysis of sacred text

A

Revealed Theology

42
Q

Employed reason to substantiate the existence of God

A

Natural Theology

43
Q

contends that since man, a rational being, is able to conceive the notion of a Supreme Being, then it stand to reason that such Supreme Being exists.

A

Ontological Argument

44
Q

Focuses on the purpose a God would play in the universe. It argues that Supreme Being is necessary for the continued existence of an orderly but complex universe.

A

Teleological Argument

45
Q

takes into account the nature of existence and the universe and recognizes the existence of God as and explanation of how things came to be in our reality

A

Cosmological argument

46
Q

Everything that has a beginning has a cause. The universe has a beginning. Therefore, the universe has a cause.

A

Kalam cosmological argument

47
Q

Holds that man’s ethical nature is brought about by the existence of GOd

A

Moral Argument

48
Q

is the belief in the existence of a god or deities

A

Theism

49
Q

is the belief that metaphysical concepts like God are inherently unknownable

A

Agnoticism

50
Q

Is the rejection of or nonbelief in the existence of God or any deity

A

Atheism

51
Q

as it is through Him that saving faith is effected

A

Redemptive salvation

52
Q

God also takes an active role in the human condition through blessings, miracles, divine inspiration, and revelation.

A

Divine providence

53
Q

God’s presence in this universe may be seen as either

A

immanent or transcendent

54
Q

regards God as manifesting Himself in the world as a unique entity

A

Immanence

55
Q

depicts God as existing outside the material world and whose presence is beyond physical laws and human knowledge and understanding

A

Transcendence

56
Q

God is both beyond and within the universe

A

Panentheistic view

57
Q

God is an all-encompassing all presence in the universe and has no distinct presence as an entity

A

Pantheistic view

58
Q

God was a distinct entity but lost this state when He transformed Himself into the universe.

A

Pandeistic view

59
Q

He proposed that human transcendence is based on rationality

A

Immanuel Kant

60
Q

He considers a person’s ability to comprehend and relate to objects and being outside of himself or herself as an indication of transcendence.

A

Jean Paul Sartre

Philosophy 1st quarter (3 decks)

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