Philo and ethics (harder version) Flashcards
Doctrine of double effect
A principle in ethics stating that an action with both good and bad effects can be morally permissible if the bad effect is not intended
Doctrine of the mean
Aristotles concept that virtue is a balance between to extremes of excess and deficiency
Agape
Unconditional, selfless love, often used in christian ethics to describe divine love
Agent centred
An ethical perspective focused on the moral character and intentions of the individual making decisions
Eigenheit
A concept in egoism meaning “ownness” or self-ownership
Antinomialism
The belief that moral laws are not necessary and that individuals should act based on personal judgement or faith
Apparent goods
Things that seem good but do not contirbute to human flourishing
1)The arbitrariness of good
2) The implication that theres something highter than god that decides what good is
The two problems within divine command theory according to the Euthyphro dilemma
Arete
greel for “virtue” or “excellence”, used in virtue ethics to denote a trait that leads to a good life
Beatific vision
The goal in natural law- the ultimate direct communication of God with the individual soul in christian theology
Beatitudes
The teachings of Jesus in the sermon on the mount that describe the values and attitudes of the blessed
Conscience
Fletchers term for working out how best to show love in a particular circumstance
Dilemma
A situation in which a difficult must be made between two or more conflicting moral principles
Divine Command Theory
Ethical theory where law is believed to come direclt from God, such as religious commandments
Einzig
German for “unique”; associated with Max Stirners philosophy of individualism
Agent Neutral
An ethical perspective that does not prioritize the interests of any specific individual but applies universally
Eternal Law
The divine wisdom that governs the universe, according to natural law theory
Eudaimonia
A greek term for human flourishing or happiness, central to Aristotles ethics
Exterior acts
In natural law actions that can observed outwardly, regardless of intent behind them
Hedonic Calculus
An algorithm created by Jeremy Bentham to measure pleasure and pain in moral decision-making
Hedonism
The ethical theory that pleasure is the highest good
Lower and Higher pleasures
What John Stuart Mill desrcibes as intellectual and moral pleasures in his Utilitarianism
Human Law
Laws created by humans to govern societies, distinguished from divine or natural law
Interior acts
The intentions and thoughts behind an action, rather than the outward action itself
