Philippine Arts

Question 1

● Philippines has had a rich history.
● Various art genres have arisen in the Philippine art scene over time.
● Employed art not only for daily activities but also for religious
● ceremonies and customs.
● Pottery, weaving, carving, metalwork, and jewelry

Answer 1

PHILIPPINE ART

Question 2

● A Filipino traditional weaver who was a recipient of the National Living Treasures Award.
● She is credited with preserving her people’s tradition of weaving T’nalak, a dyed fabric made from refined abaca fibre.

Answer 2

Lang dulay

Question 2

● Pottery produced items that are of practical value for the early Filipinos, such as
pots for cooking and large vases for storing.
● Said to be one of the earliest art forms used by early Filipino people.

Answer 2

Philippine Pottery

Question 3

● Represent the religious beliefs and practices of early Filipino People.
● Serves as a burial jar, which depicts two men rowing a boat.
● reflects their belief in afterlife-the crossing of the body of water is a transition from life here on earth unto the next.

Answer 3

Manunggul Jar

Question 3

● a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth.
● People from Cordillera are one of the famous artisans of __________.

Answer 3

Weaving

Question 4

● Woodcarvings from Palawan also depict animals like birds, which are
representations of their religious beliefs.
● In Mindanao, the Tausug and Maranao people are known for their okir. Their
common subjects include the sarimanok, naga and the pako rabong.
● Each subject is a representation of symbols depict their beliefs as a people.
● The Okir (motif) is an exclusive artistic cultural heritage of the Maranaos of Lanao,
Philippines.
● It is as an artistic design of the Maranao native inhabitants of southern Philippines
beginning from the early 6th Century C.E. before the Islamization of the area.

Answer 4

Wood Carving

Question 4

● Weaving tradition of the T’boli people of South Cotabato, Philippines.
● ________ cloth are woven from abacá fibers.
● The traditional female weavers are known as dream weavers, because the pattern of the ________ cloth are inspired by their dreams.
● They use this particular cloth to make ornaments, which also represent their beliefs through symbols.
● One example is the image of the frog, which is their representation for fertility.

Answer 4

T’nalak

Question 4

● An ancient indigenous form of the Maranaw artistic design is the __________.The “_______”, or “piyako”, refers to the beautiful motif that copied from “Salimbayan-pilipit” design of the leaf. It literally means “sumisibol o yumayabong na pakô.”

Answer 4

Pako rabong

Question 5

● The oldest weaver of traditional Kankanaey cloth in the Cordilleras

Answer 5

Eliza Chawi

Question 5

● Large-scale academic painting garnered a gold medal and signified that the reformists could come at par with their European counterparts.
● At the same time, Luna’s win signaled the start of the Filipino’s call for equality.

Answer 5

Spoliarium

Question 6

● The ____________ is the legendary bird that has become an ubiquitous symbol of Maranao art.
● It is depicted as a fowl with colorful wings and feathered tail, holding a fish on its beak or talons.
● The head is profusely decorated with scroll, leaf, and spiral motifs.
● It is said to be a symbol of good fortune

Answer 6

Sarimanok

Question 6

● Was a Filipino Asian Antiquities artist who was born in 1815.
● Known today as the visual chronicler and ethnographic painter
● Letras y Figuras - literally ‘Letters and Figures.’
.

Answer 6

José Honorato Lozano

Question 7

● art is another technique of combining ancient Oriental and European art process.
● is an exotic Philippine art form based on early century techniques— sgraffito, encaustic and layering.

Answer 7

Kut-kut Art

Question 7

● It is notable that when modernism was introduced in the Philippines in the late
1920s, the practice of figurative painting using pigments on a two- dimensional
surface was just over a hundred years old.
● Spanish Colonial Period art forms
● Sculpture of saints replaced the anito carvings during the 17th century.

Answer 7

Modern Sculptures

Question 8

o The earliest known sculptor in the Philippines is the 17th century sacristan, sculptor and silversmith.
o few of his extant works may be found at the San Agustin Convent museum.
o One of his famous work is the “Retablo”.

Answer 8

● Juan De Los Santos

Question 8

● This “_________” (altarpiece) was executed in
1617 by the carver Juan de los Santos, as
the main altarpiece of San Agustin Church in
Manila.
● This “_________” shows the symmetry of
Renaissance architecture, and the broken
arch pediment in the upper part the influence
of mannerist style.

Answer 8

Retablo

Question 9

o He is consider as the “Father of Philippine Arts” because of his great works like the famous “Bonifacio Monument” symbolizing Filipinos cry for freedom located in intersection of EDSA and Rizal Avenue and “The Oblation” in UP signifying academic freedom.
o represents the National Artist Awards for Sculpture in 1973.

Answer 9

Guillermo Tolentino

Question 10

● It was built way back November 30, 1933.
● It was designed by the National Artist Guillermo Tolentino to commemorate Philippine revolutionary Andrés Bonifacio, the founder and Supremo of the Katipunan.

Answer 10

Bonifacio Monument

Question 11

o Recognized as the “Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture
o He used almost all kinds of materials for his sculptures such as hard wood, adobe, metal, stainless steel, cement, marble, bronze, iron, alabaster, coral and brass.

Answer 11

Napoleon Abueva

Question 12

● It was included in the 1st ASEAN Sculpture
symposium at Fort Canning Hill, Singapore, and has been there ever since.
● The ________ was nicknamed ‘The Ship of
ASEAN’ as its structure represent the skeleton of a ship.
● It also symbolises ASEAN unity and cooperation.

Answer 12

Fredesvinda

Question 13

Architecture

● The Filipino signature is also very evident in architecture.
● One famous examples of this is how the Philippines intentionally adapted the
Baroque style of architecture which is famous in Europe at that time to the
earthquake-prone environment of the Philippines. This became known as the
Filipino Baroque with the Earthquake Baroque being its famous variant that is
present in the famous churches of the Philippines.
● The architecture of the classical period of the Philippines is based on vernacular
architecture for most of its centuries and Islamic architecture in some coastal
areas at the south, plus the interior of Lanao, after the 13th century.
● Ancient Filipinos lived in big settlements along sheltered bays, coastal areas, and
mouths of rivers.
● The roof of the first Philippine houses, nipa huts, or bahay kubo, were high
pitched and usually open gabled to allow for ventilation.

Answer 13

basahinnnnnnn

Question 13

● The ___________ is the native house of
the Philippines and is also considered
as its national shelter.
● These houses were elevated three to
four meters of the ground, supported by
wood or bamboo. The structure was
usually four-walled with tukod windows.

Answer 13

Bahay Kubo

Question 13

● All houses had a ladder which could be drawn up at
night. They also have a place under their house where they keep rice, chickens, and firewood.
● people used this type of house for protection from enemies and wild animals on the ground.

Answer 13

Bagubo and Kalinga

Question 14

● He is acknowledged as one of the greatest Filipino painters of the late 19th century
● He won a silver medal for his entry in large canvas, Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace (Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho) at the Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts.
● He painted Charon’s Boat and Oedipus and Antigone.
● returned to Manila in 1912 for a visit but returned to Paris despite the pleas of his ailing mother.

Answer 14

Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo (1855-1913)

Question 15

● The painting was a silver medalist during
the 1884 Madrid Exposition.
● Regarded as one of the national treasures of the Philippines, a copy of the painting is part of the art collection of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Central Bank of the Philippines).

Answer 15

Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuertas al Populacho
(Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace)

Question 16

● Is an 1887 oil on canvas and allegorical
painting by award-winning Filipino painter
Félix Resurrección Hidalgo.
● The work was a gold medalist during the
Exposicion General de las Filipinas in
Madrid.

Answer 16

La barca de Aqueronte (Charon’s Boat)

Question 17

● was one of the two portraits he did for his
mother in Paris.
● Félix Resurrección Hidalgo, Portrait of the
_____________, 1897, Bangko Sentral ng
Pilipinas

Answer 17

The Artist’s Mother

Question 17

● A “dreamy” oil on wood painting by Filipino painter and revolutionary activist Juan Luna. It depicts Luna’s wife Maria de la Paz Pardo de Tavera while sound asleep.

Answer 17

Ensueños de Amor (Daydreams of Love)

Question 17

● was a Filipino painter, sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine Revolution during the late 19th century.
● He became one of the first recognized
Philippine artists.
● He won a gold medal in the 1984 Madrid
Expositionof Fine Arts
● Upon his return to the Philippines 1894, after an absence of 17 years, he painted Houses by a Narrow Road, one of the several views of Marikina. He died in Hong Kong at the of 41.

Answer 17

Juan Luna (1857-1899)

Question 17

● Also won an award

Answer 17

Oedipus Y Antigone (Oedipus and Antigone)

Question 18

● An 1895 classic oil on canvas impressionist painting by Filipino painter and revolutionary activist Juan Luna.
● It depicts a Filipino man and a Filipino woman having a lovers’ quarrel.

Answer 18

Tampuhan

Question 19

● It was painted shortly after he was granted pardon by Alfonso XIII for his involvement in the Philippine Revolution.

Answer 19

Lady with Guitar

Question 20

● The picture recreates a scene of a Roman wedding ritual specifically the bride’s entrance into the groom’s hom.

Answer 20

Hymen, oh Hyménée!

Question 20

● Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto was one of the most important artists in the history of painting in the Philippines.
● Amorsolo was a portraitist and painter of rural Philippine landscapes. He is popularly known for his craftsmanship and mastery in the use of light.
● National Artist Awardee.
● In his golden years (1920-1945), he reaped various honors.
● went to Madrid in 1917 to study museum classics after receiving a scholarship grant from a rich businessman named Enriquez Zobel.
● He exhibited 40 of his genres and landscape at the Art Center of New York World’s Fair where he was acclaimed the best popular vote.
● Armorsolo was also appointed Director of the School of Fine Arts of the University
of the Philippines.
● He also did splendid illustration work in Graphics, Liwayway, Sunday Tribune,
Tagalog novels such as Madaling Araw and Parusa ng Bayan, and posters and
brochures.

Answer 20

Fernando Amorsolo (1892-1972)

Question 21

● Fernando Amorsolo with a portrait of his
first wife, Salud Tolentino Jorge, who died
in 1931 leaving him with six children. This
beautiful painting, believed to have been
lost or destroyed during the war, is one of
his best

Answer 21

Fernando Amorsolo with
His Wife Portrait

Question 22

● An interior scene of a blind man gently
strumming a guitar as a woman leans in
towards him with an adoring gaze.

Answer 22

El Ciego (The Blind Man)

Question 23

● This artwork depicts the idea how the
Manila is devastated during that time.
● This painting shows the Battle of Manila
happened during the Japanese era, he
depicted the tragedy and horror in this
battle

Answer 23

The Burning of Manila

Question 24

● This oil painting on canvas depicts a rural
scene where a group of people are shown
celebrating a fiesta in Antipolo.
● The main focus is on a pair of dancers in
the field surrounded by revelers both young
and old.

Answer 24

Antipolo Fiesta

Question 25

● Amorsolo originally painted
in 1958 in oil on canvas. The painting bears
his smiling muse, who is wearing baro’t
saya and carrying a banga (clay jar).

Answer 25

Dalagang Bukid

Question 26

● was a Filipino cubist painter and illustrator.
● He was a member of the prominent Cruz, Manansala, Lopez family clan.
● He is considered one of the 13 Moderns, a group of modernists associated with Victorio Edades.
● He was given a posthumous recognition as a National Artist 1982.

Answer 26

Vicente Manansala (1910-1981)

Question 27

● is a portrayal of a mother and child from the countryside who became urban shanty residents once in the city.

Answer 27

Madonna of the Slums

Question 27

● This artwork was done in 1981 same year that Manansala became National Artist for Visual Arts and also the year wherein he died. He invested each human figure with inner fortitude, making each one a stoic figure of human dignity.

Answer 27

Give Me This Dairy (1981)

Question 28

● One of the best mural artist the country was ever had.
● He created enormous canvasses that chronicled the mythical world of the Filipino and its history, often seeking inspiration from tradition, folklore, myths, legends, and customs.
● In his paintings, he featured Filipinos living in provincial towns and barrios.
● He also painted vital events in Philippine History.
● The mural paintings he did were not only on Christian lowlanders but on Muslims and other cultural communities as well.
● He stayed permanently in Angono where he became the first major regional artist. In Angono, he refined the style he had made his own, his personal version of Post-Impressionism grafted into the Philippine context.

Answer 28

Carlos “Botong” V. Francisco (1912-1969)

Question 29

● , commonly known as just Malang, is a Filipino cartoonist
and illustrator.
● He was born on January 20, 1928, in Santa Cruz, the Philippine Islands and, at the age of 19, dropped out of formal education in order to begin working in the art department of the Manila Chronicle.
● In the 1960’s, he emerged as a serious artist with a knack in abstract painting.
● His illustration of Ang Kiukok formed the basis of a style in its enumeration of images, range of warm colors, and evocation of joyous parochialism.

Answer 29

Mauro Malang Santos (1928)

Question 29

● Bayanihan means being a hero to one another. As in the classic tradition of carrying a house. It is probably most clearly and impressively displayed in the old tradition of neighbors helping a relocating family by getting enough volunteers to carry the
whole house, and literally moving it to its new location.

Answer 29

Bayanihan

Question 29

● was a commissioned for the Manila City Government in 1964nduring the mayoral tenure of
Antonio Villegas. And was installed at the Bulwagang
Katipunan
● On April 8, 1996, the artwork was declared a National Cultural Treasure by then National Museum director Gabriel S. Casal.

Answer 29

Filipino Struggles Through History

Question 29

● Winning the first prize at the first competition of the Art Association of the Philippines in 1948 through this entry.

Answer 29

Kaingin

Question 29

● graduated as a Magna Cum Laude at the University of the Philippines in 1953.
● He was also a recipient of the fullbright Scholarship at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in 1957.
● By the late 1950s, he had immerses himself on new idioms of contemporary art through the print media and regular exhibitions at the Philippine Art Gallery.
● In the 1960s, he started to apply paint more thinly on canvas; the form grew increasingly geometric with circles as the main motifs

Answer 29

Jose Joya (1931- 1995)

Question 30

● He reorganized the world famous Philippine Constabulary
● Band and appointed as assistant conductor of Manila Symphony Orchestra and was a member of the UP President’s Committee on Folk Songs and Dances.
● Obtained a Teacher’s Diploma in Composition and Conducting from the University of the Philippines and later on became a faculty member of the UP Conservatory of Music.

Answer 30

Col. Antonio Buenaventura (1904-1996)

Question 30

● Obtained a Music Teacher’s Diploma major in Piano from
St. Scholastica’s University in 1949.
● Was scholarship grantee of the Fullbright Foundation at the Eastman School of Music degree major in theory and minor in composition.
● Became the administrator of the Cultural Center of the Philippines.

Answer 30

Lucrecia R. Kasilag (1917-2008)

Question 31

● was a composer, conductor and a former student of Col. Buenaventura at the UP Conservatory of Music.
● After Graduation in 1939, he was appointed assistant instructor at the UP Department of Science and Composition where he taught history and music subjects.
● technical assistant on cultural affairs in the Office of the President of the Philippines.
● Was President of the Filipino Society of composers, Authors, and Publishers.
● President of the Pambansang Samahan ng mga Banda sa Pilipinas and the Diwa ng Nuweba Esih.
● Trustee of the Music Promotion Foundation of the Philippines;
● Director of the SONGFEST Philippines and the Felin Institute of the Philippines.

Answer 31

Felipe Padilla (1912-1992)

Question 32

● born in 1894,
● faculty member of the UP Conservatory of Music where he taught harmony, compositions, and music history as well as violoncello.
● a conductor in the concert stage of various schools, church, choirs, orchestra, bands, and rondallas.
● composed the zarzuela Ate Maria and hatinggabi.
● was member of the UP President’s Committee on Filipino Folksongs and Dances and Secretary of the Conservatory of Music.
● received honors as a conductor of the Monserrat Philharmonic Band, the Yellow Taxi Orchestra, and Yellow Taxi Rondalla and the
operas Madame Butterfly, La Giaconda, La Fuerza del Destino, and Cavalleria Rusticana.

Answer 32

Antonio Molina (1894-1980)

Question 33

● born in 1913
● married to Gertudes Diaz and had 5 children.
● During his graduation in Grade VII, he played the Poet and Peasant Overture on the banjo.
● started composing songs in college and conducted the UP ROTC Band.
● was assistant conductor and later, conductor of the Musical Philippines Philharmoni Orchestra and a musical presented at the Metropolitan Theatre.
● won many prizes for his works
● was connected with major conservatories in the country and wrote sacred and secular vocal music, overtures, tones, poems, symphonic poems, and quartets.

Answer 33

Lucio D. San Pedro (1912-2002)

Question 34

o traditional designs that comes from an old Malayan word that has the same derivative meaning as the Tagalog word “ukit” which means to carve often
rendered in hardwood and brass, depict animals, plants and mythical figures in highly decorative, long curvilinear lines and secondary arabesques.

Answer 34

Okir/Ukkil