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PHG > PHG Practicals > Flashcards

PHG Practicals Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the use of the osmotic fragility curve?

A

It determines the rate of hemolysis of RBCs

Hemolysis usually occurs in a hypotonic solution and it is usually maximum at 0.45% normal saline

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2
Q

What percentage of the human body weight does blood make?

A

8%
pH= 7.35-7.45
RBC count= 5.4 million in males and 4.8 million in females

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3
Q

What’s the Hb and pcv levels in males and females

A

Hb 12-16g/dL in females, 13-18 in males

PCV; M- 45-52%, F- 37-48%

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4
Q

What is the normal bleeding time?

A

3-7 mins

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5
Q

What is Rouleaux formation?

A

It’s the stacking of RBCs

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6
Q

What’s the function of a centrifuge

A

Used to separate fluids based on different densitites

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7
Q

What’s the function of an ECG machine?

A

It is used to measure and record the electrical activities of the heart. It produces an electrocardiogram

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8
Q

Ergometer function

A

Used for physical exercise and fitness

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9
Q

Spirometer/Spirolab function

A

Used to measure FEV FVC and lung volume

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10
Q

Sahli’s Hemoglobinometer function

A

Used to measure Hemoglobin

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11
Q

Kymograph function

A

Used to measure vibrations and variations in muscle contractions.
Used in pressure experiments

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12
Q

Aesthesiometer function

A

Used to measure two point discrimination and touch sensations

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13
Q

Tuning fork function

A

Used for vibration experiments (Rhine’s test and Weber’s test)

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14
Q

Ophthalmoscope function

A

Used to observe the retina and the arteries

Used to view the interior of the eye

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15
Q

Perimeter function

A

Used to measure the visual field of the eye

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16
Q

Snellen’s chart function

A

Used to test for visual acuity

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17
Q

Ischiara chart function

A

Used to test for colour blindness

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18
Q

Glucometer function

A

Used to measure blood glucose levels

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19
Q

Lancets function

A

Used to prick the finger while measuring blood glucose levels

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20
Q

BMI chart function

A

Used to measure weight, BMI and identify obesity

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21
Q

OGTT curve function

A

Clinically used to diagnose diabetes mellitus

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22
Q

Conway dish function

A

Used for renal experiments

23
Q

Soda lime cannister function

A

Used to absorb CO2

24
Q

Nose clip function

A

Used to hold the nose during exercise or physiology experiments

25
Q

Douglas bag function

A

Used to carry expired air

26
Q

Wright peak flow meter function

A

Used to measure peak expiratory flow rate

27
Q

Tissue bath function

A

Used to house laboratory specimen in phg experiments

28
Q

Pithing rod function

A

To make an incision/hole in the brain of the lab animal

29
Q

Force transducer and breathing circuit function

A

Used for respiratory experiments

30
Q

Urinometer function

A

Used to measure specific gravity of urine

31
Q

Power lab function

A

Power source for phg equipments

32
Q

Audiometer function

A

Used for hearing experiments

33
Q

ECF markers include

A

Inulin
Raffinose
Radioisotopes of NaCl

34
Q

Plasma markers include

A

Evans blue dye

Iodinated albumin

35
Q

Total body water markers

A

Deuterium dioxide
Tritium oxide
Aminopyrine

36
Q

What’s the function of a polygraph

A

It is used to measure pulse

37
Q

What were the anaesthetic agents used in the lab

A

Sodium phenobarbitone

Sodium pentobarbitone

38
Q

What RBC count would be anemic?

A

Below 11g/dL

39
Q

What’s the specific gravity of Urine

A

1.005-1.030

40
Q

What’s use to correct astigmatism?

A

Cylindrical lens

41
Q

What’s used to correct presbyopia?

A

Biconvex lens

42
Q

What’s the normal vital capacity?

A

400-600mls

43
Q

What’s peak expiratory flow rate?

A

This is maximum flow rate of a forced expired air in a single breath

44
Q

Which vagus nerve is most potent?

A

Right vagus cause it stimulates the SA node directly so it has more effect on blood pressure

45
Q

What’s Atropine used for ?

A

It’s used to block muscarinic ach receptors

46
Q

Antibody A, blood group B is what colour

A

Blue color

47
Q

Antibody B(AntiserumB), blood group A

A

Yellow colour

48
Q

Antibody AB(Antiserum AB), Blood group O

A

Colourless

49
Q

What’s the defect in astigmatism

A

The cornea is oval shaped and the image has multiple focal points

50
Q

What’s the function of curare and atropine?

A

Curare blocks nicotinic Ach receptors

Atropine blocks muscarinic Ach receptors

51
Q

The tissue bath is usually filled with what solution

A

Tyrode solution

52
Q

Ringer’s solution is used in

A

Simple muscle twitch experiment

53
Q

What’s the function of a colorimeter

A

Aka Spectrophotometer. It is used to measure optical density

54
Q

What’s the function of the pneumotachometer?

A

It converts air flow into differential pressure

PHG (5 decks)

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