Phenomenology (definitions) Flashcards by Patrick Whelpdale

Illusion

Psychiatric symptom

Misperception of a real external stimulus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A perception which occurs in the absence of an external stimulus.

Can be auditory, visual, olfactory, somatic, gustatory, tactile

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hypnopompic hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

Hallucination when waking up

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hypnogogic hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

Hallucination as going to sleep

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Reflex hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A hallucination in response to a particular stimulus - ‘I can hear your pen pressing on my heart when you write’

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Extracampine hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A hallucination that is completely impossible.

Ie - its possible someone could be standing behind you, but not that you can hear people in Australia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

2nd person auditory hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

You are… voices.

you are a bad person, you are going to die etc

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3rd person auditory hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

Running commentary of life, voices discussing

‘She is…’

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Over valued idea

Psychiatric symptom

Unrealistic idea held without logic but one that can be changed/shaken

Not rigidly held like a delusion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Delusion

Psychiatric symptom

Unrealistic idea which cannot be changed, out of keeping with the patient’s educational, cultural and social background. Held with subjective certainty

They are knowledge claims, not belief claims, always self-referential and held without insight.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Persecutory delusion

Psychiatric symptom

someone (or organisation) is out to get you

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Grandiose delusion

Psychiatric symptom

You think you are of particular significance

ie you have super powers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Self-referential delusion

Psychiatric symptom

You think things are referencing you - ie on TV the colour of a bow tie means the presenter is happy or annoyed at you

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nihilistic delusion

Psychiatric symptom

You believe that you are dead

so you might think you dont need to eat etc

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Guilt delusion

Psychiatric symptom

you believe that something is your fault - ie you sneezed on holiday and then ebola started

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Capgras delusion

Psychiatric symptom

The belief that someone (usually a close relative) has been taken away and replaced by an identical looking imposter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fregoli delusion

Psychiatric symptom

thinking multiple people are all the same person in different disguises

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Subjective doubles delusion

Psychiatric symptom

believing that there is a copy of you in the world doing things

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Delusional perception

Psychiatric symptom

A delusional belief that follows a real stimulus

Ie a traffic light turns red so MI5 are trying to slow me down

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Thought insertion

Psychiatric symptom

Alien thoughts are being put into head by someone else

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Thought withdrawal

Psychiatric symptom

Someone is taking thoughts out of head

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Thought broadcast

Psychiatric symptom

Thoughts are so loud that EVERYONE can hear them

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Thought echo

Psychiatric symptom

an auditory hallucination whereby the thoughts can be heard spoken aloud as they are thought or a moment after

Thought block

Psychiatric symptom

Lose train of though, be thinking about something and then sudden interruption leaving a blank

Concrete thinking | Psychiatric symptom of expression

Take everything literally, lack of abstract thinking. Normal in children

Loosening of association | Psychiatric symptom of expression

Disjointed, illogical progression of thoughts. Will go from subject to subject - very hard to follow patients path of thinking AKA Knight's move thinking

Circumstantiality | Psychiatric symptom of expression

Take a long time to get to the point, irrelevant wandering in conversation

Perseveration | Psychiatric symptom of expression

repeating the same answer to different questions - which is no longer appropriate (ie when do you go? two weeks, where? two weeks...

Confabulation | Psychiatric symptom of expression

inventing false accounts of an event to fill a gap in memory

Somatic passivity

Delusional belief that an external entity is making pt feel a bodily sensation

Made act Made feeling Made drive

Something/one is making pt do something feel something feel driven in a particular way

Catatonia

An umbrella term for a state of increased or reduced motor activity in the absence of a mood or neurological disorder

Stupor

= akinetic autism marked loss of activity with no response to stimuli may mark a progression of motor retardation

Psychomotor retardation

Slowing of thoughts and movements | slow to answer questions etc

Flight of ideas

pt jumping from topic to topic but they are linked, albeit tentatively (ie crashed into a wall, fall, ball - kicked a ball... - rhyming link)

Pressure of speech

pt talking very quickly, large amount of speech, can't get a word in. often wanders off point of conversation suggestive of mania

Anhedonia

lack of enjoyment of activities that one would normally find interesting

Apathy

lack of interest, enthusiasm or concern

Incongruity of affect

emotional expression doesnt match what the pt is talking about. ie my dog died, smiling

Blunting of affect

expression doesnt change when talking about something sad - absence of normal emotional response without depression or psychomotor retardation

Belle indifference

lack of concern about a physical impairment/symptom | can be after a conversion disorder

conversion

after a psychological event, the pt has motor or sensory somatic symptoms without an organic cause

Depersonalisation

a feeling of detachment to one's body - as if pt is just sat in the back of their head watching what they do with apathy as if they were a spectator

Derealisation

a feeling that the world around them isnt really real, appearing dull, grey and lifeless

Dissociation

when a person feels disconnected from himself and or his surroundings

Mannerism

repeated uncoordinated movement, ie twirling hair when speaking in public. not necessarily pathological!

Stereotyped behaviour

repetitive, coordinated behaviour, ie a salute

Obsession

a recurrent thought which is patients own | ie - is door locked?

Compulsion

Repetitive action that feels like it has to be carried out, even if patient knows its senseless ie washing hands 20times/day

Akathisia

motor restlessness, need to move around alot big cause of suicide in psychiatric patients

Gender dysphoria

feeling of being a different gender to biological sex

gender identity

a persons inner conviction of being male or female

Transvestism

a person who wants to dress as the other sex even though they identify as their sex

Phobia

irrational fear of a particular thing

Projection

when you claim someone else is displaying the emotion that you are feeling

Transference

moving emotions onto an interviewer that are from childhood | ie being aggressive towards them because they have a beard and their abuser had a beard