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* Psychiatry > Phenomenology (definitions) > Flashcards

Phenomenology (definitions) Flashcards

1
Q

Illusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

Misperception of a real external stimulus

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2
Q

Hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A

A perception which occurs in the absence of an external stimulus.

Can be auditory, visual, olfactory, somatic, gustatory, tactile

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3
Q

Hypnopompic hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A

Hallucination when waking up

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4
Q

Hypnogogic hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A

Hallucination as going to sleep

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5
Q

Reflex hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A

A hallucination in response to a particular stimulus - ‘I can hear your pen pressing on my heart when you write’

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6
Q

Extracampine hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A

A hallucination that is completely impossible.

Ie - its possible someone could be standing behind you, but not that you can hear people in Australia

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7
Q

2nd person auditory hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A

You are… voices.

you are a bad person, you are going to die etc

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8
Q

3rd person auditory hallucination

Psychiatric symptom

A

Running commentary of life, voices discussing

‘She is…’

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9
Q

Over valued idea

Psychiatric symptom

A

Unrealistic idea held without logic but one that can be changed/shaken

Not rigidly held like a delusion

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10
Q

Delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

Unrealistic idea which cannot be changed, out of keeping with the patient’s educational, cultural and social background. Held with subjective certainty

They are knowledge claims, not belief claims, always self-referential and held without insight.

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11
Q

Persecutory delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

someone (or organisation) is out to get you

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12
Q

Grandiose delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

You think you are of particular significance

ie you have super powers

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13
Q

Self-referential delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

You think things are referencing you - ie on TV the colour of a bow tie means the presenter is happy or annoyed at you

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14
Q

Nihilistic delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

You believe that you are dead

so you might think you dont need to eat etc

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15
Q

Guilt delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

you believe that something is your fault - ie you sneezed on holiday and then ebola started

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16
Q

Capgras delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

The belief that someone (usually a close relative) has been taken away and replaced by an identical looking imposter

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17
Q

Fregoli delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

thinking multiple people are all the same person in different disguises

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18
Q

Subjective doubles delusion

Psychiatric symptom

A

believing that there is a copy of you in the world doing things

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19
Q

Delusional perception

Psychiatric symptom

A

A delusional belief that follows a real stimulus

Ie a traffic light turns red so MI5 are trying to slow me down

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20
Q

Thought insertion

Psychiatric symptom

A

Alien thoughts are being put into head by someone else

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21
Q

Thought withdrawal

Psychiatric symptom

A

Someone is taking thoughts out of head

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22
Q

Thought broadcast

Psychiatric symptom

A

Thoughts are so loud that EVERYONE can hear them

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23
Q

Thought echo

Psychiatric symptom

A

an auditory hallucination whereby the thoughts can be heard spoken aloud as they are thought or a moment after

24
Q

Thought block

Psychiatric symptom

A

Lose train of though, be thinking about something and then sudden interruption leaving a blank

25
Q

Concrete thinking

Psychiatric symptom of expression

A

Take everything literally, lack of abstract thinking.

Normal in children

26
Q

Loosening of association

Psychiatric symptom of expression

A

Disjointed, illogical progression of thoughts.
Will go from subject to subject - very hard to follow patients path of thinking

AKA Knight’s move thinking

27
Q

Circumstantiality

Psychiatric symptom of expression

A

Take a long time to get to the point, irrelevant wandering in conversation

28
Q

Perseveration

Psychiatric symptom of expression

A

repeating the same answer to different questions - which is no longer appropriate

(ie when do you go? two weeks, where? two weeks…

29
Q

Confabulation

Psychiatric symptom of expression

A

inventing false accounts of an event to fill a gap in memory

30
Q

Somatic passivity

A

Delusional belief that an external entity is making pt feel a bodily sensation

31
Q

Made act
Made feeling
Made drive

A

Something/one is making pt do something
feel something
feel driven in a particular way

32
Q

Catatonia

A

An umbrella term for a state of increased or reduced motor activity in the absence of a mood or neurological disorder

33
Q

Stupor

A

= akinetic autism
marked loss of activity with no response to stimuli
may mark a progression of motor retardation

34
Q

Psychomotor retardation

A

Slowing of thoughts and movements

slow to answer questions etc

35
Q

Flight of ideas

A

pt jumping from topic to topic but they are linked, albeit tentatively (ie crashed into a wall, fall, ball - kicked a ball… - rhyming link)

36
Q

Pressure of speech

A

pt talking very quickly, large amount of speech, can’t get a word in.
often wanders off point of conversation
suggestive of mania

37
Q

Anhedonia

A

lack of enjoyment of activities that one would normally find interesting

38
Q

Apathy

A

lack of interest, enthusiasm or concern

39
Q

Incongruity of affect

A

emotional expression doesnt match what the pt is talking about.
ie my dog died, smiling

40
Q

Blunting of affect

A

expression doesnt change when talking about something sad - absence of normal emotional response
without depression or psychomotor retardation

41
Q

Belle indifference

A

lack of concern about a physical impairment/symptom

can be after a conversion disorder

42
Q

conversion

A

after a psychological event, the pt has motor or sensory somatic symptoms without an organic cause

43
Q

Depersonalisation

A

a feeling of detachment to one’s body - as if pt is just sat in the back of their head watching what they do with apathy as if they were a spectator

44
Q

Derealisation

A

a feeling that the world around them isnt really real, appearing dull, grey and lifeless

45
Q

Dissociation

A

when a person feels disconnected from himself and or his surroundings

46
Q

Mannerism

A

repeated uncoordinated movement, ie twirling hair when speaking in public.

not necessarily pathological!

47
Q

Stereotyped behaviour

A

repetitive, coordinated behaviour, ie a salute

48
Q

Obsession

A

a recurrent thought which is patients own

ie - is door locked?

49
Q

Compulsion

A

Repetitive action that feels like it has to be carried out, even if patient knows its senseless

ie washing hands 20times/day

50
Q

Akathisia

A

motor restlessness, need to move around alot

big cause of suicide in psychiatric patients

51
Q

Gender dysphoria

A

feeling of being a different gender to biological sex

52
Q

gender identity

A

a persons inner conviction of being male or female

53
Q

Transvestism

A

a person who wants to dress as the other sex even though they identify as their sex

54
Q

Phobia

A

irrational fear of a particular thing

55
Q

Projection

A

when you claim someone else is displaying the emotion that you are feeling

56
Q

Transference

A

moving emotions onto an interviewer that are from childhood

ie being aggressive towards them because they have a beard and their abuser had a beard

* Psychiatry (17 decks)

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