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CFD > Phayngeal Arch > Flashcards

Phayngeal Arch Flashcards

1
Q

When do the pharyngeal arches appear?

A

In the 4th - 5th week

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2
Q

What are the pharyngeal arches separated by externally?

A

Pharyngeal Clefts / grooves

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3
Q

What are the pharyngeal arches separated by internally?

A

Pouches

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4
Q

Which surfaces do ectoderm line?

A

Outer surfaces of the arches and inner surface of Arch 1

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5
Q

Which surfaces are lined by endoderm?

A

Inner surfaces of all arches except 1

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6
Q

What lines the outer surface of the pharyngeal arches?

A

Ectoderm

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7
Q

What lines the inner surface of the pharyngeal arches? Which is the exception?

A

Endoderm; Arch 1 is lined by ectoderm

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8
Q

What does each pharyngeal arch contain?

A

Nerve
Artery
Cartilage
Muscles

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9
Q

What is Arch 1 named?

A

Mandibular arch

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10
Q

Which processes make up Arch 1?

A

Mandibular process

Maxillary process

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11
Q

Which nerve supplies Arch 1?

A

CN V

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12
Q

Which arteries are found in Arch 1?

A

Maxillary

Carotid

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13
Q

Which cartilage is associated with Arch 1?

A

Meckel’s cartilage

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14
Q

Function of cartilage in Arch 1

A

Provides primitive support

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15
Q

What does Meckel’s cartilage form?

A

bones - incus, malleus

ligaments - sphenomandibular, sphenomalleolar

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16
Q

What structures do Arch 1 give rise to?

A

Body of tongue

Muscles of Mastication - ABD, mylohyoid, temporalis, masseter, pterygoids

17
Q

Which disease is associated with Arch 1? What is it caused by?

A

Treacher-Collins syndrome - failure of neural crest cell migration

18
Q

What is the name of Arch 2?

A

Hyoid Arch

19
Q

Which nerve supplies Arch 2?

A

CN VII

20
Q

What muscles do Arch 2 give?

A

Muscles of Facial expression + posterior belly of digastric

21
Q

Which cartilage is found in Arch 2?

A

Reichert’s cartilage

22
Q

What structures do Reichert’s cartilage give?

A
  • stapes
  • lesser horn and superior hyoid body
  • styloid process, stylohyoid ligament
23
Q

What structures do the 2nd Arch give rise to? x2

A

Tonsil

Thyroid gland

24
Q

Which nerve supplies the 3rd Arch?

A

CN IX

25
Q

Which muscle is given by the 3rd Arch

A

Stylopharyngeus muscle

26
Q

What structures do the 3rd Arch form? x3

A

Greater horn of hyoid
Inferior hyoid body
Root of the tongue

27
Q

Which nerve supplies the 4th Arch

A

CN X (Superior laryngeal branch of vagus)

28
Q

Which muscles are given by the 4th Arch?

A

pharyngeal constrictors

soft palate muscles

29
Q

4th arch cartilage?

A

Thyroid cartilage

30
Q

Which structures do the 4th Arch give rise to? x2

A

Pharynx

Epiglottis

31
Q

Which nerves supplies the 6th Arch?

A

CN X (Recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus)

32
Q

What is the fate of the 5th Arch?

A

It rapidly disappears

33
Q

What cartilages do the 6th Arch give?

A

Cricoid and Arytenoid cartilages

34
Q

What does the 1st cleft give? x2

A

external auditory meatus

ear drum

35
Q

What happens to the 2nd - 6th clefts?

A

they disappear / are obliterated by the proliferating 2nd arch

36
Q

What does the 1st pouch give? x4

A

Eustachian tube
Middle ear cavity
Tympanic membrane
VENTRAL PART IS OBLITERATED BY TONGUE

37
Q

What does the 2nd pouch give? x2

A

Tonsillar fossa
Palatine tonsil
Ventral part - obliterated by tongue

38
Q

What does the 3rd pouch give? x2

A

Inferior parathyroid gland

Thymus

39
Q

What does the 4th pouch give?

A

Superior parathyroid gland (will fuse with the inferior one)

CFD (4 decks)

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