Phases Of Matter

Question 1

What is a solid?

Answer 1

Atoms and/or molecules packed very close together. They are hard, dense and are set in a fixed location.

Question 2

What are he two types of solids?

Answer 2

Crystalline: Atoms and molecules are in geometric patterns that repeat.

Amorphous: In random order and can be somewhat flexible, like glass or rubber.

Question 3

What is a liquid?

Answer 3

Atoms and Molecules are more spread out and now can move. The material can be slightly compressed into smaller space.

Question 4

What is a Gas?

Answer 4

Atoms and molecules move freely and are far apart.
The gas can be compressed significantly.
Assumes the shape of he container

Question 5

What is matter?

Answer 5

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

Question 6

What is homogeneous matter?

Answer 6

It is a pure substance-elements or compounds which can’t be physically separated.

Eg. Oxygen
Carbon Monoxide

Question 7

What is Heterogenous matter

Answer 7

It is a mixture that can be physically separated.

Eg. Soil
Sugar water

Question 8

What are elements, atoms and molecules?

Answer 8

Elements: basic different types of matter. Can’t break it down into other substances
Atoms: smallest distinguishable unit of element
Molecule: 2+ more atoms bonded

Question 9

What is a pure substance?

Answer 9

Only 1 atom type or molecule type in a given space

Question 10

What is a mixture?

Answer 10

If there are 2 or more atom or molecule types in a given space

Question 11

What is a compound?

Answer 11

Substances composed of 2 or more elements in fixed and definite proportions.

You can have a pure compound, where in a contained space it is only made up of one compound

Eg. Pure water
Pure Carbon Dioxide

Question 12

How do u get a mixture?

Answer 12

When you combine:

• at least 2 pure elements
• at least 2 pure compounds
• or at least 1 pure element and 1 pure compound into the same space

Question 13

What is a homogenous mixture?

Answer 13

A uniform mixture where u can’t otherwise tell that there are multiple phases.

If it’s a gas its homo
Solids require a closer look (steel is made of iron and carbon)

Question 14

What is a homogenous liquid mixture?

Answer 14

A liquid that is transparent

Eg. Tea

Question 15

What is a heterogenous mixture?

Answer 15

More than 1 thing in a container.
If there it is a liquid and it isn’t transparent it’s heterogenous.
If it is easily separated

Question 16

Draw the matter table with examples.

Answer 16

Matter
                           /.   \.  
              Homo.          Hetero
          Eg. Sugar.           Eg. Concrete
              /.           \.            /
 Pure subs.         Mixtures 
Eg. Copper.          Eg. Whiskey 
     /.           \
Element.     Compound
Eg. N.              Eg. Water

Question 17

What are some ways of separating mixtures?

Answer 17

Decanting: pour off liquid, leaving solid
Distillation: Evaporate element with a higher boiling point
Filtration: solid separated from liquid by pouring both through a porous material.

Question 18

What is an Aqueous solution:

Answer 18

Aqua- means water
They are solutions in water

Eg. Dissolving sugar in water makes an aqueous sugar solution

Question 19

What is a Solvent?

Answer 19

The chemical that makes up the majority of the mass and that dissolves another compound

Question 20

What is a solute?

Answer 20

The compound that makes up the smaller share of the mass and is being dissolved

Question 21

What is an elements solubility?

Answer 21

The amount of substance that can be dissolved in a certain amount of liquid at a specific temperature