Phases of Matter Flashcards
phase
the state that a substance is in. (solid, liquid, gas)
phase change
when a substance goes from one state to another (requires energy) - solid to liquid, liquid to gas
kinetic energy
the energy that an object has because of its motion (think about atoms/balls that move around more when the temp goes up. Their kinetic energy is increased).
temperature
the measurement of heat of an object. It is related to kinetic energy. When kinetic energy increases, temperature increases.
kinetic theory
all matter is made of atoms and molecules, that are always moving.
absolute zero
the temperature where the motion of the particles stops. the lowest possible temperature (0 degrees Kelvin, or -273 degrees Celsius)
plasma
a phase where particles are moving so much that free electrons are floating around
Bose-Einstein condensate
a phase that exists when the temperature is so cold (almost absolute zero), and the particles are just barely moving.
vibration
shaking in place (like a cell phone notification)
rotation
spinning in place (like a figure skater)
translation
moving from one place to another (transfer schools)
thermal energy
the TOTAL kinetic energy. The more mass, the more energy (hot water splatter vs gallon of hot water)
conservation of energy
energy can not be created or changed during phase changes.
conservation of mass
matter can not be created or destroyed during phase changes
boiling point
temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas
