Phase Change Peterson Quiz

Question 1

Characteristics of a solid

Answer 1

~Has definite shape + volume
~molecules have high attraction; tightly packed

Question 2

Characteristics of a liquid

Answer 2

~definite volume can change shape
~high attraction, but more energy enables them to flow; Can move around each other

Question 3

Characteristics of a gas

Answer 3

~indefinite volume + shape
~no attraction, moves rapidly

Question 4

Characteristics of Plasma

Answer 4

~gas turns to plasma if heat/energy is added
~When gas molecules are superheated, electrons are ripped away from the atoms
~Plasma is a “soup” of positively charged particles (ions) + negatively charged particles (electrons)
~Plasma can conduct electricity
~no defined shape or volume and it is less dense than solids or liquids

Question 5

Endothermic

Answer 5

absorbs heat/energy

Question 6

Exothermic

Answer 6

releases energy/heat

Question 7

Polarity

Answer 7

~what allows molecules to have strong intermolecular forces
~ positive and negative ends

Question 8

Phase changes

Answer 8

~freezing: liquid to solid
~melting: solid to liquid
~condensation: gas to liquid
~evaporation: liquid to gas
~sublimation: solid to gas
~deposition: gas to solid

Question 9

Molecular attraction

Answer 9

~polarity determines strength of intermolecular forces
~When molecules have strong intermolecular forces, more temperature is needed to make the substance change phase.

Question 10

What are the factors that determine phase change?

Answer 10

1. Kinetic energy/temperature
2. attractive force between molecules

Question 11

dipole-dipole

Answer 11

~partially opposite charged ions
~strong intermolecular force (polarity)

Question 12

London dispersion

Answer 12

~temporary attraction between polar or non-polar molecules
~weakest intermolecular force