Phase 3 Flashcards
Name the two groups vitamins can be categorised into
- water-soluble ( vitamins B and C)
- fat-soluble - (vitamins A, D, E and K)
why is vitamin B important?
vitamin B is crucial for various bodily functions:
- energy metabolism
- nerve function
- red blood cell formation
- maintains healthy skin
- plays a role in supporting the immune system.
-contribute to DNA synthesis and cell division
what are symptoms of vitamin B deficiency?
- fatigue and weakness - because B vitamin is essential for energy metabolism
- Anemia - lack of B12 and B9 can lead to type of anaemia
- nervous system issues - tingling, numbness and inability to maintain balance.
- Skin problems - scaly rash
- poor concentration and memory
- mood changes - B vitamin is linked to neurotransmitter production.
why is vitamin C important?
- helps protect cells from damage caused by free radicals - contributes to ageing and diseases.
- collagen synthesis - a protein that provides structure to skin, bones and blood vessels
- promotes wound healing
- enhances the immune system by stimulating the production and function of white blood cells.
- neurotransmitter synthesis - helps in mood regulation.
What are the symptoms of Vitamin C deficiency?
Vitamin C deficiency - known as scurvy
- fatigue and weakness
- joint and muscle aches
- swollen and bleeding gums
- bruising easily
- dry and damaged skin
- mood changes
What is the importance of vitamin A?
- Vision - essential in the formation of visual pigments in the retina
- the immune system - maintains integrity of the skin and mucous membrane acts as a barrier against infections.
- supports in cell growth
- reproduction
- skin health
- protects against cell damage caused by free radicals
- aids in bone remodelling
- gene expression
What are symptoms of vitamin A deficiency?
- night blindness
- dry eyes - insufficient tear production
- skin issues - dry and rough skin
- reduced ability to fight off infection
- delayed wound healing
- respiratory infections
- difficulty maintaining weight
Why is vitamin D important?
- Bone health
- immune system support
- muscle function
- mood regulation
- heart health
- insulin regulation
Symptoms of vitamin D deficiency
- fatigue
- bone and back pain
- muscle pain
- impaired wound healing
- depression
- hair loss
- joint pain
Why is vitamin E important?
- protects the cell from damage caused by free radicals
- maintains healthy skin and protects it from oxidative damage.
- maintains eye health
- cardiovascular health
- reduces inflammation of the body
- role in protecting nerve cells
Symptoms of vitamin E deficiency
- muscle weakness
- vision problems
- balance issues
- immune system impairment
- nerve damage
- anaemia
Why is vitamin K important?
- blood clotting
- bone health
- cell growth and regulation
- arterial health
- cell growth and regulation
symptoms of vitamin K deficiency
- excessive bleeding
- haemorrhage
- easy bruising
Name 6 minerals and their functions
- calcium - critical for bone and teeth formation, blood clotting and muscle function
- phosphorus - works with calcium for bone health, involved in energy metabolism
- potassium - maintains fluid balance, nerve transmission and muscle contraction
- sodium - fluid balance, nerve function and muscle contraction.
- magnesium - muscle and nerve function, bone health and energy metabolism
iron - formation of haemoglobin
Calcium deficiency
- weak/brittle bones
- tooth decay
- muscle cramps
