Pharynx

Question 1

What are the innervations of the larynx and what do they innervate?

Answer 1

• Internal laryngeal nerve (branch of superior larygneal nerve > vagus nerve) —- general sensation of mucosa above the vocal folds
• External laryngeal nerve — branch of superior larygneal nerve > vagus nerve) —–motor to Cricothyroid muscle
• Recurrent laryngeal nerve + inferior laryngeal nerve
  1. sensation to mucosa under the vocal folds
  2. Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (abduction)
  3. Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (adduction)

Question 2

What are the tongue muscles and their innervations?

Answer 2

1. Genioglossus
2. Hyoglossus
3. Styloglossus —moves the tongue posteriorly and up

—–all hypoglossal——

• 4. Palatoglossus (CN X)
• –also moves tongue posteriorly

Question 3

What are the two muscles of the palate and their innervation?
(both function to cover the connection to the nasopharynx)

Answer 3

1. Tensor Palati Muscle
   —-flattens out the soft palate —
   Mandibular division V3 - all tensors are innervated by V3
2. Levator Palati ——lifts the soft palate
   -it also opens the eustacian tube
   Vagus nerve (X)

Question 4

Describe the route of the parasympathetics to the parotid gland

Answer 4

Glossopharyngeal nerve exits the posterior cranial fossa through the jugular foramen.

Then it travels with the tympanic nerve to the tympanic plexus on the promontory.

Then it gives off the lesser petrosal nerve which goes through the FORAMEN OVALE to reach the infratemporal fossa.

Then it synapses on the otic ganglion.

Postganglionic parasympathetics travel with the auriculotemporal nerve to the parotid gland!.