Pharyngitis

Question 1

What bacterial is known to causee pharyngitis

Answer 1

group A strep(Gas)

Question 2

Symptoms that strongly suggest viral etiology

Answer 2

Cough , rhinorrhea,hoarseness,oral ulcer ,conjunctivitis

Question 3

Symptoms that suggest bacterial etiology

Answer 3

abdominal pain nausea ,vomiting ,headache,fever ,
scarlatiniform rash

Question 4

Patient with strep A pharyngitis present with

Answer 4

Pharyngeal and tonsillar erythema
Tonsillar hypertrophy with or without exudate
Palatal petechiae
Anterior cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 5

Group A strep pharyngitis is coming among

Answer 5

Children 5-15

Question 6

The most common risk factor for strep pharyngitis

Answer 6

Close contact with another person with step A pharyngitis

Question 7

Standard diagnostic test for pharyngitis

Answer 7

Throat culture

Question 8

Another test that can be used

Answer 8

Rapid antigen detection test (RADT) which has high specificity for GAS
Physical examination .
FBC

Question 9

Giving antibiotics to children with confirmed gas pharyngitis helps reduce what sequela

Answer 9

Acute rheumatoid fever (an inflammatory disease that can develop when strep throat or scarlet fever isn’t properly treated. Strep throat and scarlet fever are caused by an infection with streptococcus (strep-toe-KOK-us) bacteria.

Rheumatic fever most often affects children ages 5 to 15

Question 10

1st treatment for pain relieve

Answer 10

Paracetamol 500mg ,6/8hrly
Children -6-12years -250-500mg 6-8 hourly
1-5year -120-250
3month-1year -60-120
Ibuprofen oral 200-400mg 8 hrly
Children -7.5mg per kg max 30mg per kg

Question 11

Side effects of the pain medications

Answer 11

Paracetamol -general side effect -thrombocytopenia
Common side effect with rectal -Anorectal erythema
Overdose -hepatotoxicity
Taken together with anti epileptic drugs can increase its toxicity
Ibuprofen
Side effect
Black tarry stools,vomit blood or coffe like material Ringing in the ears ,fluid retention and face swelling ankle swelling and tingling of hands and feet’s blurred vision ,dizziness.
Over dose of brufen -damage to the intramucosal haemorrhage in the GI
Highest dose 3200mg

Question 12

Max dose of the pain killers in adult

Answer 12

Ibuprofen-3200mg/day
Para -4g

Question 13

1st and second line in treating infection

Answer 13

Amoxicillin oral -500mg 8 hourly for 10 days
Childred
6-12 years 250 mg 8 hourly for 10 days
1-5 years 125 mg 8 hourly
Less than 1. 62.5 mg 8 hourly
Or amoxiclav
Adults -1g 12 hourly
Children
12 and above -500/250 3x a day for 10 days
6-12-5ml of 400/57 mg 12 hourly
1-6 5ml of 200/28.5 12 hourly
1month -1 2.5 ml of 200/28.5mg 12 hourly

Iv-600 -1.2 g 2x daily for 10 days
Children 15mg /kg for 10 days
Co -trimoxacole is not used in strep infections
Second line
Cefuroxime -250mg 2 hourly for 10 days
3 months to 12 - 10mg /kg
Iv adult - 750 3 x daily for 10 days
3-12 years -25-50 3x

For thos the penicillin allergy
Azithromycin 500mg once daily for 5 days
Children (6-11years)
12mg/kg for 5 days or

Question 14

Treatment when infection is caused by fungal

Answer 14

Miconazole 125 qid for 14 days
Fluconazole 150 st daily for 7 days (400mg per day)

Topical
Nystatin oral gel apply 4 times for 14 days