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Geriatrics Exam II > Pharmacotherapy > Flashcards

Pharmacotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

how does aging affect bioavailability (amount absorbed)

A

not changed

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2
Q

What are some factors taht can affect drug absorption

A

divalent cations
enteral feedings
increased gastric pH
drugs that affect GI motility

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3
Q

what can affect volume of distribution

A

decreased body water
decreased lean body mass
increased fat stores
decreased plasma protein

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4
Q

what is the most common site of drug metabolism

A

liver

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5
Q

how do most drugs exit the body

A

kidney

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6
Q

what can reduced elimination cause

A

drug accumulation and toxicity

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7
Q

how is the kidney effected in aging

A

decreased size
decrease renal blood flow
decrease number of functioning nephrons
decreased renal tubular secretion

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8
Q

what is the result of an aging kidney

A

lower glomerular filtration rate

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9
Q

what is serum creatinine in the elderly

A

it stays the same (normal ranger) which masks changes in creatinine clearance

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10
Q

how is the cockroft=gault equation affected by age related decline

A

it underestimates CrCl

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11
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

time course and intensity of the pharmacologic effect of a drug

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12
Q

how are benzos different in elderly

A

cause more sedation and poorer psychomotor performance

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13
Q

how is morphine different in elderly

A

they experience longer pain releif

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14
Q

ADEs are response for how many acute geriatric hospital admissiosn

A

5-28%

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15
Q

ADEs occur in how many community-dwelling older adults

A

35%

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16
Q

in nursing home how much is spend on ADEs for every $`1 spent on meds

A

$1.33

17
Q

what medications are most commonly involved in ADEs

A 
cardiovascular drugs
diuretics
NSAIDs
hypoglycemics
anticoagulants
18
Q

how many ambulatory older adults reive at least 1 potentially inappropriate medications

A

> 20%

19
Q

most common drug-drug interactions

A

cardiovascular and psychotrophic drugs

20
Q

what is CYP3A4 induced by

A

rifampin, phenytoin, carbamazepine

21
Q

most common adverse effects of drug-drug interactions

A

confusion/delrium
cognitive impairment
hypotension
acute renal failure

Geriatrics Exam II (13 decks)

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