Pharmacotherapy Flashcards
what is the effect of aging on bioavailability?
No change in amount absorbed, unless it has an extensive first pass effect (will be higher)
what is the effect of aging on peak serum concentrations?
lower, delayed
what are some of the main factors that affect drug absorption?
- route
- what is taken with the drug
- comorbid illnesses
- pH
what are the effects of aging on body water?
decrease
what are the effects of aging on plasma protein (albumin)? how does that affect drug intake?
- decrease
2. higher % of drug that is unbound (active)
what is the most common cause of atrial fibrillation in the geriatric population?
uncontrolled, longstanding hypertension (remodeling of the heart)
definition: drug clearance
volume of serum from which the drug is removed per unit time
why is creatinine clearance masked in geriatric patients?
serum creatinine stays in normal range, GFR goes down
in patients without a significant age-related decline in renal function, how is the cockroft-gault equation interpreted?
underestimates creatinine clearance
in patients with muscle mass reduced beyond normal aging, how is the cockroft-gault equation interpreted?
overestimates creatinine clearance
adverse drug events account for what % of acute ED visits in the geriatric population?
5-30%
what is the incidence of adverse drug events in hospitals?
26/1000 (2.6%)
acute drug events occur in what % of community dwelling older adults?
35% (one third!)
what type of drug is commonly responsible for aggravating CHF in geriatric patients?
NSAIDs
what is the most common drug-drug interaction?
cardiovascular and psychotropic
