Geriatric foot pathology

Question 1

what are the five major changes promoting dry skin?

Answer 1

1. decrease in epidermal filaggrin (binds keratin to macrofibrils)
2. eccrine glands decline by 15% - decreased sweating
3. hydrophilic substances not well absorbed
4. delayed recovery of stratum corneum
5. autonomic dysfunction (diabetics)

Question 2

definition: xerosis

Answer 2

dry skin

Question 3

what treatment should be used if tinea pedis is suspected?

Answer 3

OTC Lamisil cream (terbinafine)

Question 4

what is the pathogenesis for onychomycosis?

Answer 4

fungus infects nail bed, uses keratinase to destroy the keratin of the nail plate

Question 5

what are the causes of yellow nails?

Answer 5

TOE CLYPT

Trauma 
Onychomycosis 
Eczema 
Circulatory 
Lichen planus 
Yellow nail syndrome 
Psoriasis 
Tumor

Question 6

definition: onychocryptosis

Answer 6

ingrown nail

Question 7

definition: paronychia

Answer 7

infection accompanying ingrown toe nail

Question 8

what is the most common causative agent for paronychia?

Answer 8

s. aureus

Question 9

what is the only layer of skin that can reproduce (for instance, in hyperkeratosis)?

Answer 9

stratum corneum

Question 10

what joint is most susceptible to flat arches?

Answer 10

talonavicular

Question 11

what treatment is required for vascular diseases, whether or not there are open sores?

Answer 11

compression

Question 12

numbness, tingling, and burning may suggest what four possible conditions?

Answer 12

1. diabetes
2. B12 deficiency
3. thyroid disease
4. alcoholism

Question 13

inability to perceive pain will typically result in what condition?

Answer 13

ulceration