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CCFP 3 > Pharmacotherapy > Flashcards

Pharmacotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Monitoring on methotrexate

A

Hemoglobin
ALT/AST
Creatinine

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2
Q

Monitoring on hydroxychloroquine

A

Routine eye exams

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3
Q

SE to steroids

A

Adrenal insufficiency
Avascular necrosis
Osteoporosis
Edema
GI ulceration
Glaucoma
Cataract
Glucose intolerance
Muscle weakness
Insomnia
Increased BP
Weight Gain
Skin Thinning
Growth Impairment
Cushingoid Appearances
Menstrual Irregularities
Change in Mood

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4
Q

SE of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

Nausea
Headache
Dizziness
Fatigue/Somnolence
Insomnia
Diarrhea/Vomiting
Weight Loss/Anorexia
Bradycardia/Syncope
Seizures
Urinary Incontinence

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5
Q

SE of anticholinergics

A

Dry Mouth
Dizziness
Constipation
Somnolence
Confusion
Blurred Vision
Nausea
Urinary Retention

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6
Q

Which meds are stimulating (can cause insomnia)

A

SSRIs
Levodopa
BB
Decongestants
NRT

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7
Q

What advice to give a pt about to get chemo?

A

No live vaccines, stop smoking

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8
Q

AP SE

A

EPSEs, wt gain, hyperprolactinemia, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction, anticholinergic SE

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9
Q

Neuropathic pain med classes

A

SSRIs, anticonvulsants, cannabinoids

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10
Q

SE of pregabalin

A

dizziness, sedation, wt gain, peripheral edema, ataxia

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11
Q

SE of nitrofurantoin

A

pulmonary toxicity, peripheral neuropathy, liver toxicity

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12
Q

Tool for determining drug toxicity cause

A

Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Score

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13
Q

Types of EPSEs

A

acute dystonia, akathisia, pseudo parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia

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14
Q

Which classes do you use for rhythm control in AFib?

A

Class 1/ sodium channel blockers (procainamide) + class 3 antiarrhythmics/ potassium channel blocks = amiodarone

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15
Q

Indications for antihistamines

A

rhinitis, conjunctivitis, urticaria

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16
Q

Which population should you not use antihistamines in?

A

Elderly

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17
Q

What to assess on hx for suitability of a pt for cannabinoids?

A

Pain hx, MH history, SU hx

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18
Q

Common mistakes w/ inhaler use

A

not loading device properly, not exhaling before use, lack of breath hold, breathing in too fast or slow

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19
Q

Which pt group is SGLT2i CI in?

A

T1DM

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20
Q

What to monitor while on spironolactone?

A

BP, K+, Cr

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21
Q

SE antihistamines

A

sedation, cognitive impairment, psychomotor impairment

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22
Q

What drug classes should be avoided w/ spironolactone?

A

NSAIDs, trimethoprim, K+ sparing diuretics

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23
Q

Meds causing gynaecomastia

A

ACEi, CCB, aldosterone receptor antagonists, 5 alpha reductase inhibitors

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24
Q

What acne med in pregnancy

A

azeliac acid

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25
grades of hepatic encephalopathy + what criteria used to grade
West haven criteria 1 = changes in behaviour 2 = gross disorientation, confusion, asterixis 3 = incoherent, sleepy but rousable 4 = coma
26
Complication of hepatic enceopahlopathy + what is the treatment
cerebral edema - rx = transplant lactulose, rifaxamin, PEG - PO or PR (can give enema)
27
complications of liver disease
SBP, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, varices
28
rx for SBP
abx, paracentesis, albumin
29
hepatorenal syndrome types
Type 1 = acute deterioration in kidney function Type 2 = chronic
30
hepatorenal syndrome rx
minodrine, albumin, octreotide
31
alcoholic hepatitis Rx
abstain from alcohol, steroids for 1 month
32
Treatment of varices
treat with non selective BB (carvedilol, propranolol, nadalol) Screen for hepatocellular carcinoma q6mo
33
acute hep c - whats the risk of it turning to chronic hep c?
30%
34
acute hep b - whats the risk of it turning to chronic hep b?
5%
35
hep C rx
direct acting antivirals for 3mo (Epclusa)
36
Autoimmune hepatitis ix
anti smooth muscle antibody and anti-liver kidney antibody
37
Rx for OP
denosumab - rank ligand inhibitor - SC q6mo forteo - recombinant parathyroid hormone ralixifene - selective estrogen receptor modulator
38
CI to wellbutrin
sz, ED, electrolyte disturbances
39
Classes of antidepressants + names of each
noradrenergic specific serotinergic antidepressant (NASSA) - mirtazapine norepinephrine dopamine rey-take inhibitor = wellbutrin SARI - trazodone - can cause priapism
40
What meds are stimulating
BB, statins, ACEi, SSRIs
41
venous vs arterial ulcers appearance
venous are medial, swollen + discoloured, varicose veins, hx of leg swellings, hemosiderin staining arterial are full thickness, punch out, smooth edges
42
tamoxifen SE
vaginal dryness, hot flashes, irritability, endometrial cancer
43
Aromatase inhibitor SE
OP, raised lipids, lymphedema
44
after breast cancer management
mammogram q1y monthly self breast clinic breast exam q6mo x3yrs
45
eGFR <30, what meds to adjust?
DOACs, warfarin, ACEi, diuretics, metformin, abx, NSAIDs, statins, BB
46
physical exam findings for HTN
fundoscopy, assess for bruits, peripheral pulse exam
47
NAFLD + NASH rx
semaglutide
48
Score for pancreatitis mortality + components
Bisaps score: BUN AMS >2 SIRS criteria Age >60 Pleural effusions present
49
New meds for IBS
Constella (guanaclase inhibitors) Ibsrela Vibrerzi - stomach opioid antagonist - good for diarrhoea predominant IBS
50
SE of levodopa
‘on’ effects (chorea), ‘off’ effects (hypokinetic)
51
Peripheral neuropathy causes (poly + mono)
Polyneuropathies: vasculitis (mononeuritis multiplex) Thiamine deficiency heavy metal exposure Guillan barree syndrome DM Neoplastic Chemo induced Charcot marie tooth mononeuropathies: carpal tunnel syndrome bells palsy cubital tunnel syndrome piriformis syndrome
52
Parkinsonism sx
TRAP - tremor, rigidity, akathisia, postural instability
53
Causes of parkinsonism
haldol, maxeran, progressive supranuclear palsy, ecstasy OD, vascular, shy drager
54
When do you use Dopamine agonists in Parkinsonism, and whats the name?
Young pts - ropinirole, pramipexole
55
Alternative meds + treatment for PD
Anticholinergic - trihexyphenolil - weekly med for PD Catecholamine o methyltransferase inhibitors - MAOi - risegiline Amantadine - used for terminal dyskinesias Apo-morphine injectors - IM Deep brain stimulation
56
MS drugs + classes
anti-CD20 (Ocrivus) biologics thingolamid (anti-sphingosine agent) Methylfumarate clabradine + terryflunoamide (anti metabolite) glatiramir, beta interferons (avanex)
57
New med for dyslipidemia
Incliseran - small interfering RNA
58
Caroc score for OP components
BMD (lowest T-score of hip and lumbar spine), age, gender, fracture history and steroid use
59
Young healthy person with normal exam with ED?
MS
60
Post arrest care
ensure they remain afebrile, bloodwork, support BP with pressors, establish definitive airway, discuss goals of care with family, NG for decompression, CXR to r/o pneumothorax, ?splenic laceration or liver lac
61
What labs to order if you are transfusing lots of blood?
calcium and coags
62
Entresto class + use
ARNI - naprilosyn inhibitors + valsartan in CHF
63
Ivabradine class
F type channel inhibitor
64
Bug causing gas in gangrene?
C diff
65
Bilateral erythema in legs causes
Stasis dermatitis, venous insufficiency, eczema, DVT, fungal infection
66
Cephalosporin 1st gen Cephalosporin 2nd gen Cephalosporin 3rd gen
Cephalosporin 1st gen cephalexin Cephalosporin 2nd gen Cefuroxime Cephalosporin 3rd gen Ceftriaxone
67
CKD diagnosis based on ACR + what ACR level to refer to nephro?
ACR >2 = CKD ACR >6 or eGFR <30 = refer to nephro
68
Optic neuritis in MS sx
painful, loss of colour saturation, loss of vision - episodes lasting days/ weeks
69
MIBI - what is it + indications
Myocardial perfusion imaging / nuclear stress test SOBOE or chest pain w/ activity
70
Non stress test parameters
Considered reassuring if the fetal heart rate increases at least 15 beats per minute over the baseline (between 120 and 160 beats per minute), lasting at least 15 seconds, within a 20-minute timeframe§
71
Canadas food guide
½ veggies + fruit ¼ protein ¼ whole grain
72
Acute dissection score
High risk conditions (Marfans, aortic valve dz) High risk pain features (chest, back, abdo, abrupt, severe, tearing) High risk exam features (pulse deficit, focal neuro deficit, new aortic murmur, hypotension)
73
Apgar score
Activity (tone) Pulse Grimace (reflexes) Appearance (color) Respiration
74
Epi dose for peds + adults in CPR
Peds = 0.01mg/kg Adults = 1mg
75
Naloxone dose for peds + adults
Peds = 0.1mg/kg Adults = 0.4mg
76
Lorazepam dose for peds + adults (seizure)
Peds = 0.1mg/kg Adults = 4mg IV/IO
77
Midazolam dose for peds + adults (seizure)
Peds = 0.2mg/kg Adults = 10mg
78
Keppra dose for peds + adults (seizure)
Peds = 60mg/kg Adults = 4500mg
79
Amiodarone dose for peds + adults (ACLS)
Peds = 5mg/kg Adults = 300mg then 150mg
80
Lidocaine dose for peds + adults (ACLS)
Peds = 1mg/kg Adults = 1mg/kg
81
Atropine dose for peds + adults (ACLS)
Peds = 0.02mg/kg Adults = 1mg
82
TXA dose for peds + adults (ACLS)
Peds = 15mg/kg Adults = 1g
83
Dose of Mg for eclampsia
4g IV

CCFP 3 (67 decks)

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