Pharmacotherapies

Question 1

bisphosphonates common drugs

Answer 1

risedronate & alendronate

Question 2

bisphosphonates MOA

Answer 2

inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthesis and suppress osteoclast activity

Question 3

bisphosphonates indication

Answer 3

first line therapy for osteoporosis and treatment of hypercalcemia

Question 4

bisphosphonates adverse effects

Answer 4

gastric and esophageal irritation, adynamic bone, possible renal failure, rare osteonecrosis of jaw, rare femoral fractures

Question 5

RANKL inhibitors common drugs

Answer 5

denosumab

Question 6

RANKL inhibitors MOA

Answer 6

Mab binds to RANKL and prevents it from stimulating osteoclast differentiation and function decreasing bone resorption

Question 7

RANKL inhibitors indication

Answer 7

osteoporosis with high risk fractures

Question 8

RANKL inhibitors adverse effects

Answer 8

increased risk of infection, hypocalcemia

Question 9

SERMs common drugs

Answer 9

raloxifene

Question 10

SERMs MOA

Answer 10

interacts with estrogen receptor inhibits bone resorption and increase BMD

Question 11

SERMs indication

Answer 11

osteoporosis in women aged <60,

Question 12

SERMs adverse effects

Answer 12

increased risk of thromboembolism

Question 13

calcitonin MOA

Answer 13

binds GPCRs to suppress osteoclastic bone resorption

Question 14

calcitonin indications

Answer 14

first line for Paget’s disease

Question 15

calcitonin adverse effects

Answer 15

gastric erosions/bleeding

Question 16

PTH/PTH analog common drugs

Answer 16

teriparatide

Question 17

PTH MOA

Answer 17

similar to PTH

Question 18

PTH indication

Answer 18

osteoporosis in men and women with severe osteoporosis

Question 19

PTH adverse effects

Answer 19

hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria,

Question 20

monoclonal anti-sclerostin common drugs

Answer 20

romosuzumab

Question 21

monoclonal anti-sclerostin MOA

Answer 21

stimulates bone turnover by inhibiting sclerostin by enhancing osteoblast and decrease osteoclast

Question 22

monoclonal anti-sclerostin indications

Answer 22

osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at high risk for fracture

Question 23

NSAIDs common drugs

Answer 23

ibuprofen

Question 24

NSAIDs MOA

Answer 24

inhibit prostaglandin synthesis & inhibit urate crystal formation

Question 25

NSAIDs indication

Answer 25

1st line for acute gout

Question 26

NSAIDs adverse effects

Answer 26

gastric erosions & bleeding

Question 27

corticosteroids common drugs

Answer 27

prednisone & cortisone

Question 28

corticosteroids MOA

Answer 28

intracellular regulation of genes–anti-inflammatory

Question 29

corticosteroids indication

Answer 29

severe symptomatic gout

Question 30

corticosteroids adverse effects

Answer 30

widespread intracellular regulation of genes

Question 31

colchicine MOA

Answer 31

binds intracellular tubulin–> inhibits leukocyte migration leads to immunosuppressive anti-inflammatory effects

Question 32

colchicine indication

Answer 32

acute gout and chronic gout patients taking allopurinol

Question 33

colchicine adverse effects

Answer 33

diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain

Question 34

uricosuric agents common drugs

Answer 34

probenicid & sulfinpyrazone

Question 35

uricosuric MOA

Answer 35

inhibits uric acid reabsorption in kidneys –> accelerated excretion

Question 36

uricosuric indications

Answer 36

chronic gout

Question 37

uricosuric adverse effects

Answer 37

form uric acid renal stone

Question 38

xanthine oxidase inhibitors common drugs

Answer 38

allopurinol

Question 39

xanthine oxidase inhibitors MOA

Answer 39

inhibit production of uric acid by inhibiting xanthine oxidase

Question 40

xanthine oxidase inhibitors indication

Answer 40

chronic gout

Question 41

xanthine oxidase inhibitors adverse effects

Answer 41

allergic skin reaction