Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology > Pharmacology (pre-review Cards) > Flashcards

Pharmacology (pre-review Cards) Flashcards

Pharmacology, medications, etc

1
Q

Nursing process

A

The foundation for the clinical practice of nursing;provides framework for consistent nursing action, using problem-solving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Schedule I (drug)

A

All prescription drugs including narcotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Schedule II (drugs)

A

Restricted access non-prescription drugs ie. Insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Schedule III

A

Pharmacy- only non-prescription drugs ie. Antihistamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Unscheduled drugs

A

Any drug not assigned as above ie. Naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When a product is offerered for sale in Canada to treat or prevent diseases or symptoms, it is regulated as a drug under the _______

A

Food and Drugs Act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Establishes control of narcitics and substances of abuse

A

Controlled stubstances Act 1997

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ADPIE

A

Hdhs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Usually a drug forms chemical bonds with specific sites called ______

A

Receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Under what conditions do chemical bonds form, regarding drug reactions

A

Only if the drug and its receptor have similar shapes and chemical affinity for the receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The relationship between a drug and a receptor is similar to _____

A

A key and a lock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Study of interactions between drugs and their receptors and the series of events that result in a pharmacological response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Agonists

A

(drug) that interacts with a receptor to STIMULATE a response
Ie. Opioids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Antagonists

A

(Drugs) that attach to a receptor but DO NOT STIMULATE a response
Ie. Naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

5 stages a drug goes through

A

Liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

After liberation from a dosage form, each drug has its own unique _______

A

ADME characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

Study of the mathematical relationship among the absorption, distribution, metabolism, snd excretion of individual medicines over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Partial agonists

A

(Drugs) that attach and elicit a small response, but also block other responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pharmacology

A

The study of drugs and their actions on living organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Therapeutic methods

A

Various approaches to therapy (regarding diseases that cause illness and may be treated in several different ways)
Ie. Drug therapy, diet therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Synergistic effect

A

The combined effect of two drugs is GREATER than the sum of the effect of each drug given alone

Ex. Aspirin + codeine = much greater analgesic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

OTC drugs

A

Over the counter drugs
-perscription or non prescription
Ex. Advil, Tylenol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chemical name (of a drug)

A

Most meaningful to the chemist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Generic name (of a drug)

A

Or common name;

simpler than chemical name

May be used in any country and by any manufacturer (ie. First letter is NOT capitalized)

Example. Tylenol (trademark/brand name) ——-> acetaminophen (generic name)

25
A trademark, brand name or proprietary name is followed by the symbol _______.
®
26
What does the symbol ® indicate?
That the name is registered and its use is restricted to the owner of the drug, who is usually the manufacturer.
27
Additive effect
2 drugs with similar actions, taken for a doubled effect. Example. Propoxyphene + aspirin(keeps blood thin) = added analgesic effect
28
Antagonistic effect
One drug interferes with the action of another Example. Tetracycline + antacid(tums) =decreased absorption of the Tetracycline
29
4 therapeutic methods
1) diet therapy (treatment by diet) 2) drug therapy (treatment with drugs) 3) physiotherapy (with natural forces) 4) psychologic therapy(identify stressors and methods to reduce or eliminate stress or use of drugs)
30
A treatment is called a "________".
Therapy
31
State the 4 stages all drugs go through
1) Absorption 2) Distribution 3) Metabolism 4) Excretion **ADME
32
Absorption depends on _____
Route of administration
33
Distribution depends on ______
Circulation to be transported throughout body
34
Metabolism depends on _____
Enzyme systems
35
Excretion depends on ______
GI tract and kidneys
36
3 routes of drug administration
Enteric, Parenteral, Percutaneuous routes
37
Enteric route (of drug admin.)
Into GI tract by oral, rectal or nasogastric routes
38
Parenteral route (of drug admin.)
Or intradermal route Bypasses GI tract, using subcutaneous(into fat ie. Insulin) intramuscular or intravenous injection
39
Percutaneuous route
Inhalation, sublingual (under tongue), buccal (inside the cheek) and topical (on the skin) administration Ie. Creams and patches, eye drops and nasal spray
40
The organ most involved in metabolism
Liver
41
Metabolism
The process of deactivation of the drug occurs | ---->renders the drug inactive
42
Factors that influence metabolism
* **elder ppl are more at risk - ->physical factors i.e. age, weight, liver and kidney function - ->environmental factors - ->use of other drugs - ->general health or illness of the person
43
Excretion
Usually through the urine or feces | -->GI tract and kidneys
44
Factors that can influence excretion
Kidney function GI function General health or illness
45
Compatible (in regards to drugs)
2 drugs that can be put in the same syringe
46
___________ is a possible side effect of a drug
Postural hypotension
47
Teratogens
Drugs that induce cancer in living cells
48
Tolerance
When a person begins to require a higher dosage to produce the same effects that a lower dose once provided
49
Infants and ____ are more sensitive to effects of drugs.
Elderly
50
Synergistic effect
The combined effect, greater than the sum of the effects of each drug given alone
51
____ and geriatric patients each require special considerations, when we're giving drugs
Pediatric
52
4 most common method of medication delivery for elderly clients
1) tablets and capsules may be too large, need a liquid or crushed form 2) objectionable tastes occur with liquids 3) lack of sufficient teeth for chewable meds 4) geriatric patients lack sufficient saliva to ease swallowing
53
Gastric emptying time is _____ and _____ in newborns and aged/elderly.
Slow; Reduced/decreased
54
Basic units for Length -->_____ Volume or liquid-->______ Weight(wt) -->_____
Meter Liter Grams
55
With age, decreased renal blood flow is caused by and causes?
Atherosclerosis Reduced cardiac output, loss of glomeruli, decreasing tubular function and concentrating ability function
56
_____ do not have full renal function (kidneys) until 12 months of age.
Infants
57
What are the properties of the drug(being administered) you need to be aware of?
- ->Expected actions - ->Usual dosing - ->Route and administration - ->Side effects to expect - ->Adverse effects to report - ->Contraindications for use of a drug (Review all aspects of the order or any contradictions)
58
5 types of medication orders
1) STAT-->emergency;give immediately, only once 2) SINGLE-DOSE ORDER-->administration at a certain time but only once 3) STANDING ORDER-->given for specified number of doses, or drug is to be administered until discontinued at a later, specified date; must be written when time period expires before the nurse can continue to dispense med 4) PRN ORDER-->"as needed" 5) VERBAL ORDER-->order given verbally, in person, over the phone, or fax (**not as common)
59
MARs
Medical Administration Records

Pharmacology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions