Pharmacology (final Review)

Question 1

What are antitussive agents used for?

Answer 1

Supress/relieve cough

Question 2

Where drug distribution occurs?

Answer 2

Transports in the blood stream

Question 3

A nitrate helps relieve or prevent ______.

Answer 3

Angina

Question 4

Crestor–> an example of a _____ agent

Answer 4

Lipid-lowering

Question 5

Synergistic effect

Answer 5

When one drug increases the effectiveness of the other, when two are taken together

Question 6

Where do you instill (administer) eye drops?

Answer 6

Into the lower conjunctival sac

lower eye lid

Question 7

3 reasons why the elderly are more at risk for problems when receiving meds.

Answer 7

• decreased weight
• Less fatty s/c fatty layers
• increased health issues
• increase in number of meds prescribed
• decreased liver and kidney functions

Question 8

The body systems involved in the process of removing waste from the body.

Answer 8

Kidney, skin, lungs, mucus membranes (mouth, stomach, small intestine, fat, muscle and blood) and intestines

Question 9

Abbreviation for ‘drops’

Answer 9

GTTS

Question 10

Trade name for Acetylsalicylic acid

Answer 10

Aspirin

Question 11

Where enteric-coated tablets are dissolved.

Answer 11

Small intestine

Question 12

Postural hypotension is a _____ from a drug.

Answer 12

side effect

Question 13

Drug tolerance

Answer 13

An increased amount of a drug required to achieve the same response

Question 14

An antipsychotic?

Answer 14

A drug that Counteracts or diminishs the symptoms of a disorder such as schizophrenia, paranoia, or bipolar disorder

Question 15

Mixing two drugs together in the same syringe can be done if they are ______.

Answer 15

Compatible

Question 16

Pt. Refuses a cardiac medication, what should the nurse do?

Answer 16

Seek patient’s reason

Find out why the patient is refusing the medication, because there usually is a reason for it

Question 17

What a nurse does first when giving oral medications?

Answer 17

Check all aspects of the order!

• > have a current license
• > know policies of the facility
• > obtain a medication order by a practitioner licensed without prescription privileges
• > understand the individual patients diagnosis and symptoms
• > Know the properties of the drug!
  • > expected actions
  • > usual dosing
  • > route of administration
  • > side effects to expect
  • > adverse effects to report
  • > review all aspects of the order or any contradictions

Question 18

What is GERD?

Answer 18

Gastroeophageal reflux disease

Question 19

What does ADME stand for?

Answer 19

Administration
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion/Elimination

Question 20

PRN

Answer 20

“as needed”

Question 21

Antacids that must be shaken first.

Answer 21

Suspensions

Ie. Maylox

Question 22

What are checked when electrolyte levels are requested? (4)

Answer 22

K=potassium, Cl=Chloride, Na=Sodium and bicarbonate

Serum electrolytes are check in the blood; sodium, chloride, potassium bicarbonates

Question 23

The organ in the body is most involved with metabolizing drugs.

Answer 23

Liver

Question 24

MAR in long term care setting is for how long?

Answer 24

1 month

Question 25

Patients usually call drugs by their _____ name.

Answer 25

Trade name, brand name or proprietary name

Question 26

'UNG'

Answer 26

Abbrev. For ointments

Question 27

The base units. Length: _____ Volume/liquid: _______ Weight: ________

Answer 27

Meter Liter Grams

Question 28

Sublingual

Answer 28

Under the tongue | Ie. B12

Question 29

Patient would like some Tylenol, no order for it, what should the nurse do?

Answer 29

Notify the pt's dr, and acquire an order for Tylenol

Question 30

Medication that inhibits mast cell degradation

Answer 30

NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory)

Question 31

Buccal

Answer 31

Between check and molar teeth

Question 32

3 methods used to evaluate effectiveness of a drug therapy

Answer 32

- Drug level via lab tests - Improvement of pt's condition - VS - (clinical observation (patient states they feel better)) - Objective scale (monitoring devices;BP, fetal monitoring)

Question 33

'OTC'

Answer 33

Over The Counter

Question 34

Bacteriostatic

Answer 34

Inhibits bacterial growth | ->able to restrain bacteria without killing them

Question 35

Primary routes for drug excretion/elimination (2)

Answer 35

GI tract + kidneys

Question 36

Meaning of 'Culture & Sensitivity'

Answer 36

Culture of bacteria and it's sensitivity to antibiotics

Question 37

For a person taking steroidal inhalers, good oral hygiene is important to help prevent ______.

Answer 37

Oral thrush

Question 38

Diabetica is a ______ medication

Answer 38

Anti-diabetic

Question 39

Pharmacogenetics

Answer 39

How drug response may vary according to inherited differences

Question 40

Generic name for Tylenol

Answer 40

Acetaminophen

Question 41

Diuretics are commonly used to help _______.

Answer 41

Hypertension

Question 42

Recently diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes what is important to tell the pt.?

Answer 42

Medications and diet are both important parts of the treatment plan

Question 43

Teratogens cause _____ in the fetus

Answer 43

Birth defects/Abnormal development

Question 44

What action causes most medication errors?

Answer 44

Failure to follow routine procedures

Question 45

Your 10 rights of medication administration

Answer 45

Right: client, refuse, evaluation, education, route, dose, documentation, time, medication, reason

Question 46

A drug known to cause birth defects ___ A life-threatening form of allergic reaction ___ Sites where drugs attach to create chemical reactions ____ Medication dissolved in a clear liquid of water and alcohol ___ The body's need for more and more drug to produce a desired effect ____ Liquids containing solid, insoluble drug particles ____ When more medication is needed for the same response ____ A hypersensitivy to a drug or food or environment stimulus ____ The medication administration record ____ A non-medical substance given instead of drugs ____

Answer 46

``` A. Anaphylactic shock B. Teratogen C. Allergy D. Tolerance E. Suspension F. Placebo G. Dependence H. Receptors I. Elixir J. MAR ```