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Pharmacology > Pharmacology (final Review) > Flashcards

Pharmacology (final Review) Flashcards

Pharmacology, medications, etc.

1
Q

What are antitussive agents used for?

A

Supress/relieve cough

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2
Q

Where drug distribution occurs?

A

Transports in the blood stream

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3
Q

A nitrate helps relieve or prevent ______.

A

Angina

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4
Q

Crestor–> an example of a _____ agent

A

Lipid-lowering

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5
Q

Synergistic effect

A

When one drug increases the effectiveness of the other, when two are taken together

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6
Q

Where do you instill (administer) eye drops?

A

Into the lower conjunctival sac

lower eye lid

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7
Q

3 reasons why the elderly are more at risk for problems when receiving meds.

A
  • decreased weight
  • Less fatty s/c fatty layers
  • increased health issues
  • increase in number of meds prescribed
  • decreased liver and kidney functions
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8
Q

The body systems involved in the process of removing waste from the body.

A

Kidney, skin, lungs, mucus membranes (mouth, stomach, small intestine, fat, muscle and blood) and intestines

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9
Q

Abbreviation for ‘drops’

A

GTTS

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10
Q

Trade name for Acetylsalicylic acid

A

Aspirin

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11
Q

Where enteric-coated tablets are dissolved.

A

Small intestine

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12
Q

Postural hypotension is a _____ from a drug.

A

side effect

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13
Q

Drug tolerance

A

An increased amount of a drug required to achieve the same response

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14
Q

An antipsychotic?

A

A drug that Counteracts or diminishs the symptoms of a disorder such as schizophrenia, paranoia, or bipolar disorder

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15
Q

Mixing two drugs together in the same syringe can be done if they are ______.

A

Compatible

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16
Q

Pt. Refuses a cardiac medication, what should the nurse do?

A

Seek patient’s reason

Find out why the patient is refusing the medication, because there usually is a reason for it

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17
Q

What a nurse does first when giving oral medications?

A

Check all aspects of the order!

  • > have a current license
  • > know policies of the facility
  • > obtain a medication order by a practitioner licensed without prescription privileges
  • > understand the individual patients diagnosis and symptoms
  • > Know the properties of the drug!
    • > expected actions
    • > usual dosing
    • > route of administration
    • > side effects to expect
    • > adverse effects to report
    • > review all aspects of the order or any contradictions
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18
Q

What is GERD?

A

Gastroeophageal reflux disease

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19
Q

What does ADME stand for?

A

Administration
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion/Elimination

20
Q

PRN

A

“as needed”

21
Q

Antacids that must be shaken first.

A

Suspensions

Ie. Maylox

22
Q

What are checked when electrolyte levels are requested? (4)

A

K=potassium, Cl=Chloride, Na=Sodium and bicarbonate

Serum electrolytes are check in the blood; sodium, chloride, potassium bicarbonates

23
Q

The organ in the body is most involved with metabolizing drugs.

A

Liver

24
Q

MAR in long term care setting is for how long?

A

1 month

25
Q

Patients usually call drugs by their _____ name.

A

Trade name, brand name or proprietary name

26
Q

‘UNG’

A

Abbrev. For ointments

27
Q

The base units.
Length: _____
Volume/liquid: _______
Weight: ________

A

Meter
Liter
Grams

28
Q

Sublingual

A

Under the tongue

Ie. B12

29
Q

Patient would like some Tylenol, no order for it, what should the nurse do?

A

Notify the pt’s dr, and acquire an order for Tylenol

30
Q

Medication that inhibits mast cell degradation

A

NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory)

31
Q

Buccal

A

Between check and molar teeth

32
Q

3 methods used to evaluate effectiveness of a drug therapy

A
  • Drug level via lab tests
  • Improvement of pt’s condition
  • VS
  • (clinical observation (patient states they feel better))
  • Objective scale (monitoring devices;BP, fetal monitoring)
33
Q

‘OTC’

A

Over The Counter

34
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

Inhibits bacterial growth

->able to restrain bacteria without killing them

35
Q

Primary routes for drug excretion/elimination (2)

A

GI tract + kidneys

36
Q

Meaning of ‘Culture & Sensitivity’

A

Culture of bacteria and it’s sensitivity to antibiotics

37
Q

For a person taking steroidal inhalers, good oral hygiene is important to help prevent ______.

A

Oral thrush

38
Q

Diabetica is a ______ medication

A

Anti-diabetic

39
Q

Pharmacogenetics

A

How drug response may vary according to inherited differences

40
Q

Generic name for Tylenol

A

Acetaminophen

41
Q

Diuretics are commonly used to help _______.

A

Hypertension

42
Q

Recently diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes what is important to tell the pt.?

A

Medications and diet are both important parts of the treatment plan

43
Q

Teratogens cause _____ in the fetus

A

Birth defects/Abnormal development

44
Q

What action causes most medication errors?

A

Failure to follow routine procedures

45
Q

Your 10 rights of medication administration

A

Right: client, refuse, evaluation, education, route, dose, documentation, time, medication, reason

46
Q

A drug known to cause birth defects ___
A life-threatening form of allergic reaction ___
Sites where drugs attach to create chemical reactions ____
Medication dissolved in a clear liquid of water and alcohol ___
The body’s need for more and more drug to produce a desired effect ____
Liquids containing solid, insoluble drug particles ____
When more medication is needed for the same response ____
A hypersensitivy to a drug or food or environment stimulus ____
The medication administration record ____
A non-medical substance given instead of drugs ____

A 
A. Anaphylactic shock 
B. Teratogen
C. Allergy
D. Tolerance 
E. Suspension 
F. Placebo
G. Dependence
H. Receptors
I. Elixir
J. MAR

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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