Pharmacology of Opiods

Question 1

Describe the Mech. Of Action of Opioids

Opioids are psychoactive drugs

Answer 1

They decrease Nuerotransmitter relase by inhibiting postsynaptic potential. They Inhibit afferent pain pathways and have no anti-inflammtory/Anti-pyretic activity.

Question 2

Desscribe the clinical features of an Opioid Overdose

Answer 2

1. Drowsiness to deep coma
2. Respiratory Depression
3. Miosis
4. Cyanosis
5. Hypotension
6. Hypothermia
7. Convulsions
8. Pulmonary Oedema
9. Muscular Spasticity/Twitching

Question 3

Describe the two drugs we use for an Opioid Overdose

Answer 3

1. (Nalxone)-Only use as IV
2. (Naltre-xone)- Oral Admin

Question 4

Describe the potential downsides, and Mech. Of Action of Dextromethorphan

Answer 4

1. Suprress cough reflex and has no analgesic activity .
2. There is Abuse Potential
3. Mech. Of Action= Acts on Sigma-1 Opiod Receptor (inhibiting serotonin receptor)

Question 5

Describe the Indications, MOA and Pharmacokinetics of Tramadol

Answer 5

Indications- Treats Pain
MOA- Blocks amine reuptake
Has high oral bioavailability.

Question 6

Describe the use of Opioids

Answer 6

1. Analgesia
2. Anaethesia
3. Diarhrhoea
4. Cough

Question 7

Describe the Drug Interactions of Opioids

Answer 7

1. Cimetidine
2. Carbamazepine