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Intermediary Metabolism > Pharmacology Of Dyslipidaemias > Flashcards

Pharmacology Of Dyslipidaemias Flashcards

1
Q

HDL transport

A

Return of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to liver

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2
Q

LDL transport

A

Return of cholesterol from liver to non-hepatic tissue

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3
Q

VLDL transport

A

Return of cholesterol from liver to non-hepatic tissue

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4
Q

Exogenous pathway

A

Transport tissue/liver

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5
Q

Endogenous pathway

A

Transport of TGL to tissues. Mainly VLDL form.

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6
Q

Hyperlipidaemia

A

Elevation in serum lipids

Increased CHD risk

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7
Q

Type IIb

A

Familial combined/mixed hypercholesteraemia

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8
Q

Type IV

A

Familial hypertroglyceridemia

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9
Q

Statins

A 
Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Fluvastatin
Lovastatin
Pravastatin
Rosuvastatin
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10
Q

Inhibitors of cholesterol absorption

A

Cholestyramine

Ezetimibe

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11
Q

Nicotinic acid

A

Niacin

Acipimox

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12
Q

Fibrates

A

Benzofibrate
Fenofibrate
Gemfibrozil

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13
Q

Statin inhibitors 5 steps

A 
Acetyl CoA
HMG CoA
Mevalonate
IPP
Squalene
Cholesterol
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14
Q

Absolute contraindication of statins

A

Renal insufficiency

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15
Q

Statins

Adverse effects

A

Myalgia

Rhabdomyolysis

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16
Q

Statins

  1. Main biochemical effect
  2. Secondary biochemical effect
A
  1. Reduced plasma LDL

2. Reduced TAG and increased HDL

17
Q

Simvastatin

A

Familial hypercholesteraemia
Absorption not influenced by food
Extensive liver metabolism

18
Q

Atorvastatin

A

Similar to simvastatin but longer acting

Mane/nocte

19
Q

Fluvastatin

A

More likely to cause hepatic reactions

20
Q

Lovastatin

A

Similar to simvastatin

21
Q

Pravastatin

A

No interactions with CYP450 enzyme inhibitors

22
Q

Rosuvastatin

A

Only drug used in children < 8 yo

23
Q

Fibrates

  1. Mechanism of action
  2. Clinical use and indications
A
  1. Regulates gene expression
    Stimulates lipoprotein lipase
  2. Mixed dyslipidaemia
24
Q

Bezafibrate

A

Caution in renal or hepatic failure or primary biliary cirrhosis

25
Q

Fenofibrate

A

May cause haemolysis in G6PD deficiency

26
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

May cause transient leukopenia

27
Q

Cholestyramine

Drug interactions

A 
Fat soluble vitamins 
Warfarin
Digoxin
Thiazide
Tetracyclines
Barbiturates
28
Q

Ezetimibe

Mechanism

A

Lowers plasma cholesterol

29
Q

Niacin

A

Can reduce LDL 10% - 20%

Can increase HDL 30%

30
Q

Niacin

Adverse effects

A

Cutaneous flushing
Pruritis
Impairment of glucose tolerance

31
Q

Acipimox

A

Not diabetogenic

32
Q

Target values

A

LDL < 3
TAG < 1.7
HDL > 1.2

Intermediary Metabolism (3 decks)

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