Pharmacology of Anticoagulants + Antiplatelets Flashcards
What are the 3 drugs?
Anticoagulants
Antiplatelets
Fibrinolytic agents
What are examples of anticoagulants?
Factor Xa inhibitors
Antithrombins
Heparin + Vit K antagonists
What do anticoagulants do?
Modify clotting mechanisms
What is an example of an antiplatelet?
Aspirin
What do antiplatelets do?
Inhibit Cox-1 activity
= inhibit platelet aggregation
What is an example of a fibrinolytic agent?
Alteplase
What do fibrinolytic agents do?
Break down fibrin
What are the classes of anticoagulants?
Factor Xa inhibitors
Direct thrombin inhibitors
Heparin + LMW heparins
Vitamin K antagonists
What is an example of a factor Xa inhibitor?
Apixaban
What a direct thrombin inhibitor?
Dabigatran
What is an example of a vitamin K antagonist?
Warfarin
What is the 1st choice treatment for DVT or PE?
Apixaban
Rivaroxaban
What can be used to treat DVT if apixaban + rivaroxaban are contraindicated?
1st
LWMH
Followed by dabigatran etexilate or edoxaban
What can be used to treat DVT if apixaban + rivaroxaban are contraindicated?
2nd
LMWH with vitamin K antagonist for 5 days
Followed by vitamin K antagonist on its own
What does a DVT look like?
Swollen red inflamed leg
How does DVT happen?
Big blood clot prevents venous drainage from leg
BUT still get arteriole flow = oedema
What are the DOACs?
Apixaban
Rivaroxaban
Dabigatran
Edoxaban
What is the mechanism of action for dabigatran?
Reversible inhibitor of free thrombin
What is the mechanism of action for apixaban, edoxaban + rivaroxaban?
Reversible inhibitor of factor Xa