Pharmacology /Nursing Part 2 Flashcards
Most drug metabolism that takes place in the liver is performed by the hepatic microsomal enzyme system, which is also known as what?
P450 System
Name 5 Therapeutic Consequences of Drug Metabolism
Accelerated renal drug excretion
Drug inactivation
Increased therapeutic action
Activation of prodrugs
Increased or decreased toxicity
True or False: A prodrug is a compound that is active until it is metabolized into an active drug in the body
False because a prodrug is inactive not active
There are special considerations for drug metabolism. Select All That Apply
1. Age
2. Competition among drugs
3. First-Pass Effect
4. Nutritional Status
5. Time of administration
6. Induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes
1, 2, 3, 4, & 6
True or False Drugs can be excreted through expired air?
True
What determines the dosing level of a drug?
The half-life
The half-life of Ambien is 2 hours. Two hours after taking Ambien, (a drug for sleep) the concentration of the drug in your bloodstream will be reduced by how much?
1. 1/4
2. 3/4
3. 1/8
4. 1/2
- 1/2
What is the object of drug dosing?
The objective of drug dosing is to maintain plasma drug levels within the therapeutic range
Name Examples of receptorless drugs there are six classes
Antacids, chelating agents, osmotic diuretics, and osmotic laxatives
What is the therapeutic index, ( TI) therapeutic ratio, and therapeutic window in drug therapy?
It is a quantitative measure of the relative safety of a drug. (it compares the effective and toxic doses) The TI window refers to a range of doses without causing toxicity.
If the therapeutic window of a drug is 100 milligrams ( mg) to 500 mg per day, so does this mean there are doses at which the drug will be effective without causing serious adverse effects?
Yes
Which is better a high or low TI? Why
High- The higher the TI the safer the drug. The lower the TI , the more risk for adverse reactions, toxic effects and treatment failure.
