Pharmacology Key Drugs

Question 1

ACh

Answer 1

Non-selective agonist for nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

Question 2

Pilocarpine, Muscarine

Answer 2

Selective muscarinic agonist

Question 3

Methacholine, Bethanechol

Answer 3

Selective muscarinic agonist

Question 4

Atropine

Answer 4

Muscarinic antagonist

Question 5

Hyoscine, Ipratropium, Tiotropium

Answer 5

Muscarinic antagonist

Question 6

Nicotine

Answer 6

Selective nicotinic agonist

Question 7

Hexamethonium

Answer 7

Selective nicotinic antagonist

Question 8

Ergot Alkaloids

Answer 8

Monoamine antagonists/ partial agonists

Question 9

Noradrenaline

Answer 9

a1 and b1 adrenoceptor agonist

Question 10

Phenylephrine, Methoxamine

Answer 10

a1 adrenoceptor agonist

Question 11

Brimonidine

Answer 11

a2 adrenoceptor agonist

Question 12

Dobutamine

Answer 12

b1 adrenoceptor agonist

Question 13

Salbutamol, Salmeterol

Answer 13

b2 adrenoceptor agonist

Question 14

Mirabegron

Answer 14

b3 adrenoceptor agonist

Question 15

Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide

Answer 15

Class 1a Na+ channel blockers
- moderate block
- slow AP rise
- slow repolarisation

Question 16

Lidocaine, Mexilitine, Tocainide, Phenytoin

Answer 16

Class 1b Na+ channel blockers
- associate + dissociate rapidly
- selective to inactivated channels
- slow AP rise
- faster repolarisation

Question 17

Flecainide, Encainide

Answer 17

Class 1c Na+ channel blockers
- associate + dissociate slowly
- slow AP rise
- same repolarisation

Question 18

Propranolol, Alpreolol, Metoprolol

Answer 18

Class II b-blockers
- block b1 receptors
- reduce slow inward Ca2+ current of pacemaker potential
- reduce SAN activity
- slow AV conduction

Question 19

Amiodarone, Sotalol

Answer 19

Class III K+ channel blockers
- prolong cardiac AP
- increase refractory period
- reduces time window for dysrhythmias

Question 20

Verapamil, Diltiazem

Answer 20

Class IV Ca2+ channel blockers
- decrease SAN excitability
- slow AP rise
- decrease AVN conduction

Question 21

Digoxin

Answer 21

Cardiac glycoside
- blocks Na+/K+ ATPase
- slow AVN conduction

Question 22

Adenosine

Answer 22

• activates A1 receptors
• potent AVN conduction blocker