Pharmacology: Glucocortisteroids

Question 1

Briefly describe the therapeutic uses of Glucocortisteroids

Answer 1

1. Anti-inflammatory uses
2. Immunosuppressive effects
3. Adrenal Insufficiency
4. Premature neonates-makes lungs produce suurfacant
5. Multiple Sclerosis
6. Renal Disease

Question 2

Describe the Mech. Of Action of Glucocorticosteroids

Answer 2

Binds cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor
affects gene expression
either induces or inhibits gene expression.

Question 3

Describe the adverse effects in children: long term systemic treatment

Answer 3

Grwoth retardation
Delayed sexual development
catabolic effect on bone
developmemnnt of diabetes
increased susceptibility to cataracta
increased absorption through skin

Question 4

Describe the effects of glucocortisteroids on BONE

Answer 4

Osteroporosis
1. Inhibition of gonadal steroid synthesis
2. Decreased absoprtion of calcium from the GIT
3. Increased PTH
4. Suppress Osteoblast activity

Osteonecrosis
Aseptioc necrosis of joints
presents as shoulder, hip or knee pain
high dose short and long term use

Question 5

Describe glucocorticoids use (agents) in asthma.

Answer 5

Inhaled glucocorticoids
1. Beclomethasone
2. Budesonide
3. Fluticosone
4. Ciclesonide
Systemic Glucocorticoids
1. Prednisone
2. Prednisolone
3. Methylprepdnisolone
4. Hydrocortisone

Question 6

Describe the side effects on Inhaled Glucocorticoids

Answer 6

Oral Candidiasis (treat with nystatin, clotrimazole and fluconazole)
Hoarseness, Dysphonia and cough (Vocal Cords)