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Rad Tech > Pharmacology for AL121 Final > Flashcards

Pharmacology for AL121 Final Flashcards

1
Q

pharmacology

A

science concerned with the origin, nature, effects and uses of drugs

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2
Q

drug

A

chemical substance producing a biologic response in the body

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3
Q

pharmacokinetics

A

study of how a drug is absorbed into, circulates within, and leaves the body (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)

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4
Q

agonist

A

causes a change

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5
Q

antagonist

A

drug that counteracts another

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6
Q

side effect

A

unintended, expected, mild

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7
Q

adverse effect

A

severe, life threatening

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8
Q

toxic effect

A

unwanted extension of therapeutic effect, overdosage

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9
Q

idiosyncratic effect

A

unusual, unknown cause, under or over reaction

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10
Q

allergic response

A

adverse effect; this is why we ask about a shellfish allergy prior to giving contrast

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11
Q

drug tolerance

A

build up over a long period of time

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12
Q

drug classification: schedule 1

A

high abuse potential, not for medical use

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13
Q

drug classification: schedule 5

A

non-narcotic prescription, some purchased w/o prescription

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14
Q

parenteral

A

injection not through GI tract

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15
Q

Rights of Safe Medication Administration

A

right patient, right medication, right dose, right time, right route, right documentation

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16
Q

types of enteral administration

A

oral, sublingual, buccal, rectal

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17
Q

types of parenteral administration

A

intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal

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18
Q

analgesics -purpose, example

A

to reduce pain; narcotics are opiods, morphine, Demerol, codeine, and oxycodone; nonnarcotics are acetaminophen-Tylenol, aspirin, ibuprofen-Motrin

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19
Q

anesthetics -purpose, example

A

to block nerve conduction without losing consciousness; local are lidocaine, xylocaine, and mepivacaine-Carbocaine; general are sevoflurane-Ultane and propofol-Diprivan

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20
Q

antiarrhythmias -purpose, example

A

to change heart rhythm; Cordarone, Inderal, lidocaine, Lanoxin, Adenocard

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21
Q

antibiotics -purpose, example

A

to treat infection (selected according to targeted microorganism); sulfa, penicillin VK, tetracycline-Vibramycin, erythromycins, amoxicillin-Amoxil, Agumentin, ciprofloxacin-Cipro, azithromycin-Zithromax

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22
Q

anticholinergics -purpose, example

A

to treat GI cramps, urinary bladder spasm, asthma, motion sickness, and muscular spasm, prevent or treat bradycardia, increase heart rate, decrease secretions, relax smooth muscles; oxybutynin, Detrol La, Atropine, scopolamine, lipratropium

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23
Q

anticoagulants -purpose, example

A

to prevent clot formation by reducing clotting time; heparin and warfarin-Coumadin, enoxaparin-Lovenox

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24
Q

antidiabetics -purpose, example

A

to relieve symptoms of diabetes; insulin, Micronase, metformin-Glucophage, Amaryl, Glucotrol, Orinase, Actos, Avandia, Januvia

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25
Q

antihistamines -purpose, example

A

allergy medication used to reduce itching; sedating is diphenhydramine-Benadryl; nonsedating is Claritin, Allegra

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26
Q

anti-inflammatories -purpose, example

A

(NSAIDs) to treat inflammation, fever, and pain; ibuprofen-Motrin, naproxen sodium-Aleve, Anaprox, aspirin-Anacin, Excedrin, Ascriptin, celecoxib-Celebrex

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27
Q

vasoconstrictors -purpose, example

A

to constrict blood vessels, increase heart action, and raise blood pressure; norepinephrine-Levophed, epinephrine-Adrenalin, dopamine-Intropin, isoproterenol-Isuprel

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28
Q

vasodilators -purpose, example

A

to dilate blood vessels and treat vascular disease; nitroglycerin, Nitropress

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29
Q

diphenhydramine

A

(Benadryl) antihistamine, antiemetic

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30
Q

epinephrine

A

(Adrenalin) bronchodilator, vasoconstrictor

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31
Q

opiods

A

analgesic-narcotic

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32
Q

morphine

A

analgesic-narcotic

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33
Q

Demerol

A

analgesic-narcotic

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34
Q

codeine

A

analgesic-narcotic

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35
Q

oxycodone

A

(OxyContin) analgesic-narcotic

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36
Q

acetaminophen

A

(Tylenol) analgesic-nonnarcotic

37
Q

aspirin

A

(Anacin, Excedrin, Ascriptin) analgesic-nonnarcotic, anti-inflammatory

38
Q

ibuprofen

A

(Motrin) analgesic-nonnarcotic, anti-inflammatory

39
Q

naproxen sodium

A

(Aleve, Anaprox) anti-inflammatory

40
Q

celecoxib

A

(Celebrex) anti-inflammatory

41
Q

lidocaine

A

(Xylocaine) local anesthetic, antiarrhythmic

42
Q

mepivacaine

A

(Carbocaine) local anesthetic

43
Q

sevoflurane

A

(Ultane) general anesthetic

44
Q

propofol

A

(Diprivan) general anesthetic

45
Q

sulfa

A

antibiotic

46
Q

penicillin VK

A

antibiotic

47
Q

tetracycline

A

(Vibramycin) antibiotic

48
Q

erythromycins

A

antibiotic

49
Q

amoxicillin

A

(Amoxil, Augmentin) antibiotic

50
Q

ampicillin

A

antibiotic

51
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

(Cipro) antibiotic

52
Q

azithromycin

A

(Zithromax) antibiotic

53
Q

Claritin

A

antihistamine

54
Q

Allegra

A

antihistamine

55
Q

Phenergan

A

antiemetic

56
Q

Compazine

A

antiemetic

57
Q

Vistaril

A

antiemetic, antihistamine

58
Q

Dramamine

A

antiemetic, antihistamine

59
Q

scopolamine

A

antiemetic, antihistamine

60
Q

ondansetron

A

(Zofran) antiemetic

61
Q

metoclopramide

A

(Reglan) antiemetic

62
Q

heparin

A

anticoagulant

63
Q

warfarin

A

(Coumadin) anticoagulant

64
Q

enoxaparin

A

(Lovenox) anticoagulant

65
Q

oxybutynin

A

(Ditrofan XL) anticholinergic

66
Q

Detrol La

A

anticholinergic

67
Q

Atropine

A

anticholinergic

68
Q

scopolamine

A

anticholinergic

69
Q

Ipratropium

A

anticholinergic

70
Q

amiodarone

A

(Cordarone) antiarrhythmic

71
Q

Inderal

A

antiarrhythmic

72
Q

digoxin

A

(Lanoxin) antiarrhythmic

73
Q

adenosine

A

(Adenocard) antiarrhythmic

74
Q

insulin

A

antidiabetic

75
Q

Micronase

A

antidiabetic

76
Q

metformin

A

(Glucophage) antidiabetic

77
Q

Amaryl

A

antidiabetic

78
Q

Glucotrol

A

antidiabetic

79
Q

Orinase

A

antidiabetic

80
Q

Actos

A

antidiabetic

81
Q

Avandia

A

antidiabetic

82
Q

Januvia

A

antidiabetic

83
Q

nitroglycerin

A

(Nitrostat, Transderm-nitro) vasodilator

84
Q

Nitropress

A

vasodilator

85
Q

norepinephrine

A

(Levophed) vasoconstrictor

86
Q

dopamine

A

(Intropin) vasoconstrictor

87
Q

isoproterenol

A

(Isuprel) vasoconstrictor

88
Q

bronchodilators -purpose, example

A

allergy medication used to dilate bronchioles; treat angioedema, shock, respiratory arrest, asthma; epinephrine

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