Pharmacology Exam 1

Question 1

most medications are administered via _?

Answer 1

po

Question 2

define mediaction reconcilation. 3x it’s enforced?

Answer 2

comparing the patients current medication to their old medications.

admittance
transfer
discharge

Question 3

medical history assessment?

Answer 3

chronic conditions?
drugs
allergies
education
understanding of treatment
supports
patterns of health care

Question 4

physical assessment?

Answer 4

height and weight
age
physical parameters related to disease/drugs (sub-toxic)

Question 5

Coumadin medication?

Answer 5

anti-coagulant (stroke, etc)

Question 6

INR? define. desired range?

Answer 6

international normalized ratio

blood test to measure coagulation
desired: 2-3 (therapeutic)

Question 7

INR less than 2? more than 3?

Answer 7

subtherapeutic

toxic (blood is too thin - increased bleeding)

Question 8

interventions?

Answer 8

proper drug administration: rights and maintenance
comfort: managing side effects
family/patient education

Question 9

family and patient education includes _?

Answer 9

drug info, administration, and interactions
safety considerations and toxicities
lifestyle adjustments
drug discontinuation

Question 10

when to document drug administration?

Answer 10

AFTER administering

Question 11

specific foods to be aware of with drug admin?

Answer 11

grapefruit (increased toxicity - interacts with cardiac drugs)

Question 12

medication administration is always _?

Answer 12

collaborative

Question 13

Evaluation (2)?

Answer 13

assess drug effectiveness and side effects

Question 14

pharmacology? pharmacotherapeutics? drugs?

Answer 14

study of biological effects of chemicals on organisms

branch of pharmacology that uses drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease

chemicals introduced into the body and affects the body’s chemical processes

Question 15

Sources of drugs?

Answer 15

plants - opiates, digitalis
animals - insulin
synthetic and genetic engineering - bioengineered or chemically improved
inorganic - Fl and Fe

Question 16

FDA? FDA pregnancy category? DEA?

Answer 16

agency of USDoH and HS that regulates development and sale of drugs.

indicates potential or actual teratogenics

indicates abuse potential and associated regulations

Question 17

drugs: generic? orphan? over the counter?

Answer 17

chemical names based on structure - cheaper but not as safe as brand - preferred by insurance

discovered drugs, not financially viable and therefore have not been adopted by pharm - could treat rare DO and may have adverse side effects

no prescription needed - self treatment

Question 18

2 ways to decrease adverse effects?

Answer 18

monitor high risk meds

monitor meds with narrow therapeutic indexes

Question 19

factors influencing drug effects?

Answer 19

weight (recommended is based on 150lbs and adjust)
age
gender
genetics
immunologic - allergies and sensitivities

Question 20

misc. factors influencing drug effects.

Answer 20

physiological
psychological
pathological
environmental
drug tolerance
cumulating effects

Question 21

pharmacodynamics - 4 functions?

Answer 21

process which drug works in the body

substitution for body chemical
stimulant or depressant
interference of foreign activity
interacton with receptors and enzymes

Question 22

LPN scope?

Answer 22

oral, intradermal, IM, subcutaneous (schedule II drugs)

Question 23

SMART goals?

Answer 23

specific
measurable
attainable
realistic
timeline

Question 24

3 things the FDA/HS does?

Answer 24

regulates drug testing
ensures safety and efficacy of drugs
approval of drugs for market

Question 25

check insulin _?

Answer 25

double check with another person

Question 26

what injection do you aspirate? do you aspirate insulin?

Answer 26

IM and no