Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology-NURS105 > Pharmacology-Exam 1 > Flashcards

Pharmacology-Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which cells are responsible for adaptive immunity?

A

B & T Cells (Lymphocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex)?

A

Cells are tagged with self-antigens.
*Example:Think of a brand/size tag on a sweater!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Inflammatory Response?

A

The local reaction of the body to invasion or injury.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Difference between Local vs. Systemic?

A

Local-One area
Systemic-Entire body system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What WBC are part of the antibody response?

A

B & T Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do Cytokines consist of?

A

-Interferons
-Interleukins
-TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some examples of NSAIDs?

A

-Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)
-Naproxen (Naprosyn)
-Ketorolac (Toradol)
-Celecoxib (Celebrex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Parenteral Route?

A

Any route of rx administration that bypasses the GI Tract (IM, IV, SubQ).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Chrysotherapy?

A

Uses gold salts to treat diseases such as RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Gout?

A

Elevated uric acid & urate crystal deposits in kidneys and joints (most common: feet).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are two examples of TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) Blockers?

A

-Adalimumab (Humira)
-Etanercept (Enbrel)

*Both treat RA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are Monoclonal Antibodies?

A

Synthetic (lab made) proteins that mimic antibodies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which antibiotic should be taken on an empty stomach w/ 8 oz. of water?

A

Penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which classification of antibiotics may cause sunlight sensitivity?

A

Tetracyclines
*Example: Doxycycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some examples of antibiotics that are safe for use by pregnant women?

A

-azithromycin
-penicillins
-clindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What antiviral treats Hepatitis B?

A

Brand: Hepsera
Generic Name: Adefovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which rx is used to treat Oral Thrush?

A

Nystatin (oral rinse form).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which antimalarial is used as the first line of treatment?

A

Chloroquine (Aralen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the most common helminthic infection?

A

Pin Worms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the most common anthelmintic agent used?

A

Ivermectin (Stromectol)
*Also used to treat Covid!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)?

A

When too many cells are killed too fast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the adverse effects of Antineoplastic Agents?

A

-Bone Marrow Suppression
-Nausea/Vomiting
-G.I Toxicity
-TLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the goal of Antineoplastic Therapy?

A

To support the immune system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is Clinical Pharmacology?

A

Drugs that treat, prevent & diagnose disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is MicroMedex?

A

Database that provides access to drug info, diseases and toxicology warnings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is an example of an inorganic compound?

A

Aluminum in antacids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is an example of a drug that comes from animal products?

A

Insulin-comes from the pancreas of pigs.

Example: Heparin

28
Q

When are drugs pulled from FDA clinical trials?

A

Anytime they have a low therapeutic effect.

29
Q

Which drug category is safe for pregnancy? Which is unsafe?

A

Category A-Safe
Category X-Completely Unsafe

30
Q

What is off-label use of Medication?

A

Prescribing an Rx for a different purpose than what the FDA approved.

31
Q

What is Endogenous?

A

Agonist (works INSIDE the body).

32
Q

What is Exogenous?

A

Antagonist (works OUTSIDE the body).

33
Q

What is the most common route for medication administration?

A

PO (oral/by mouth)

34
Q

Which factors can adversely affect rx distribution?

A

-Poor Circulation
-Low BP

35
Q

What diagnosis requires a lower dose of Rx due to low protein?

A

Malnourishment

36
Q

What is another term for metabolism?

A

Biotransformation

37
Q

Which route does the GI tract absorb medication directly to the liver for metabolism?

A

PO (by mouth)

38
Q

Which organ excretes drugs that have been made water soluble?

A

Kidneys

39
Q

What are the routes of medication excretion?

A

*skin
*saliva
*lungs
*bile
*feces
*urine

40
Q

What is the term for drugs that reach reactive tissue before they reach the liver?

A

First-Pass Effect

41
Q

Does the First-Pass Effect increase or decrease bioavailability?

A

Increase

42
Q

What is the term for the amount of drug needed to cause a therapeutic effect?

A

Critical Concentration

43
Q

What is the term for blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic?

A

Therapeutic Index

44
Q

What is an example of a treatment that requires a low therapeutic dose?

A

Anticoagulant Therapy

45
Q

What is the term for the time it takes for a drug to decrease to one half of its peak level?

A

Half Life

46
Q

True or False
Kidney or Liver Dysfunction will slow an Rx half life.

A

True

47
Q

Type A or Type B Adverse Effect
Blood pressure med that causes BP reading that is too LOW

A

Type A

48
Q

Type A or Type B Adverse Effect
Pain med that causes a decreased respiratory rate (RR).

A

Type B

49
Q

Type A or Type B
Most skin allergies (rash & hives) are considered which?

A

Type B

50
Q

Type A or Type B
Benadryl causing drowsiness.

A

Type B

51
Q

During what process should we always assess the ethicacy of interventions?

A

The Nursing Process

52
Q

What is the syndrome that develops a potentially fatal fever while taking an Rx?

A

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

53
Q

When is an anti-retroviral appropriate?

A

With an HIV diagnosis (dx).
Example: Abacavir

54
Q

Converting fat-soluble drugs into water-soluble forms is related to what function?

A

Metabolism

55
Q

A nurse is caring for a client who has been dx with hypoalbuminemia. What will occur if a drug is administered that is highly protein bound?

A

Increased rate of distribution of the drug, leading to toxicity.

Hint-*hypo (low) *albumin (protein that helps maintain fluid balance).

56
Q

The client drinks 18 ounces of fluid at lunchtime. How many milliliters of intake should we document?

A

540 mls

Rationale-30 mls=1oz.
30 x 18=540

57
Q

Primary or Secondary Action

Doxycycline is administered, which has known GI upset sx. The client reports abdominal discomfort soon after. Which type of adverse effect is this?

A

Secondary Action

58
Q

Examples of Primary Actions of medications.

A

-Diuretic that causes dizziness.
-Benzodiazepines causing sedation.

59
Q

Order: 250mcg Digoxin solution orally
Available: Digoxin 0.05mg/ml
How many mL will the nurse administer?

A

5 mLs

60
Q

A nurse is discharging a client with a prescription that reads “Warfarin 4mg PO daily DAW”.
What does the DAW indicate?

A

Dispense As Written

*The pharmacy cannot dispense a generic equivalent.

61
Q

Immunizations are examples of what type of immunity?

A

Artificial Active Immunity

62
Q

Impaired hearing and tinnitus (ringing in the ears) are sx of toxicity of what OTC medication?

A

Aspirin
(acetylsalicylic acid)

63
Q

Tacrolimus belongs to which classification of medications?

A

Conventional Anti-Rejection Agents

64
Q

What is the term for chemical mediators found in most body tissues that participate in the inflammatory response?

A

Prostaglandins

65
Q

An antitoxin is an example of what type of immunity?

A

Passive

66
Q

Oprelvekin is a drug that stimulates the process of producing which blood cells?

A

Platelets

67
Q

What OTC medication acts directly on thermoregulatory cells in the hypothalamus?

A

Acetaminophen

Pharmacology-NURS105 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions