Pharmacology: Emergency Medications for shock, cardiac arrest, and anaphylaxis Flashcards
Norepinephrine: Action
Vasoconstrictor to increase blood pressure and cardiac output
Norepinephrine: Adverse effects
Headache Palpitations Nervousness Epigastric distress Angina Hypertension tissue necrosis with extravasation
Norepinephrine: Nursing Considerations
Reflex bradycardia - May occur with rise in BP Stay with client at all times Monitor output MUST be infused with dextrose, NOT saline Monitor BP Keep medication out of direct light
Dopamine: Action
In low doses: Dilates renal and coronary arteries
In high doses: Vasoconstrictor, increases myocardial O2 consumption
Dopamine: Adverse effects
Increased ocular pressure Ectopic beats Nausea Tachycardia Chest Pain Dysrhythmias
Dopamine: Nursing Considerations
Headache - early symptom of drug excess Monitor BP Check peripheral pulses Monitor output Should be used in an infusion pump
Epinephrine: Action
Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
Epinephrine: Adverse effects
Nervousness
Restlessness
Dizziness
Local necrosis of skin
Epinephrine: Nursing Considerations
Monitor BP
ALWAYS CHECK STRENGTH before administration
- 1:100 only for inhalation
- 1:1000 for parenteral administration (IM or SC)
Ensure adequate hydration
Isoproterenol: Action
Stimulates beta 1 and beta 2 adrenergic receptors
Used for heart block, ventricular arrhythmias and bradycardia
Used as a bronchodilator for asthma and bronchospasm
Isoproterenol: Adverse effects
Headache Palpitations Tachycardia Changes in BP Angina Bronchial spasms Pulmonary edema
Isoproterenol: Nursing Considerations
Do not give at HS (hour of sleep). Medication will disrupt sleeping patterns
Monitor BP
Monitor Pulse
Phenylephrine: Action
Potent alpha 1 agonist
Used to treat hypotension
Phenylephrine: Adverse reactions
Palpitations Tachycardia Hypertension Dysrhythmias Angina Tissue necrosis with extravasation
Dobutamine hydrochloride: Action
Stimulates beta 1 receptors
