Pharmacology Drugs Used Flashcards
Name difference types of antidepressants?
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors - SSRIs
- Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibits - SNRIs
- Noradrenaline and specific serotonin antagonist
Give example, mechanism and use of tricyclic antidepressants
Amitriptyline, lofeparmine
Inhibit 5-HT (serotonin and NA uptake) by blocking M1, H1, ALPHA1 receptors
Use: neurological pain
Give example, mechanism and use of SSRIs
Example: citalopram
Inhibit 5-HT uptake - make serotonin more available at synapse
Use: depression, anxiety, OCD
Side effect of SSRIs?
Nausea and early increased anxiety
But well tolerated - good first line use
Give example, mechanism and use of SNRIs?
Venifaxine
-Similar SSRIs - inhibit 5-HT and NA reuptake
Use: depression (esp severe) and generalised anxiety
Give example, mechanism and use of NA and specific serotonin antagonist
Mirtazapine
Block alpha 2 receptor - decrease depression as increase 5-HT release
Block 5-H2 receptor - decreased anxiety
Block H1 - sedation
Side effect NA and specific serotonin antagonist?
Weight gain - no sexual changes
Use of benzodiazepine?
Short time anxiolytic - reduce anxiety immediately via GABA receptor
Risk: dependency
Use of Z-drugs?
E.g zopicione
Used as hypnotic as it has shorted half-life
Drug cleared - won’t feel tired next day
Use of pregabalin?
Use; anxiety, neurological pain, epilepsy
What different antipsychotics are available?
Typical/ first gen = haloperidol
Atypical/ second gen = olanzapine
Difference between mechanism of typical and atypical antipsychotics?
First gen - block D2 receptor - antagonise histamine
Second gen - block D2 and 5-HT
Give 2 examples of mood stabilisers?
- Lithium - narrow therapeutic window and teratogenic
2. Valporate - teratogenic but anti-epileptic
List some non-pharmacological approaches
Phototherapy - SAD, behavioural therapy, CBT, family therapy, social intervention, rehab
