Pharmacology Cardiac Failure Flashcards
What 6 drugs cause interaction with cardiac failure & how
- Oestrogen & steroids that increase clotting factors
- Calcium channel blockers & B blockers decrease heart rate
- NSAIDs increase heart rate
- Excessive diuretics decrease fluid & decrease heart rate
What is 6 non drug therapy of cardiac failure
Exercise
Flu immunization
Decrease alcohol consumption
Cessation of smoking
Correct anaemia
Review diets, other drugs & risk factors
What is the 3 drug therapy for chronic cardiac failure
ACE inhibitors or ARB
B blockers
Aldosterone blockers
What is the 3 drug therapy for acute cardiac failure
IV diuretics
Vasodilators
Inotropes
What is the effect of sympathetic nervous system on cardiac failure
Increase renin & other vasoreactive substances that cause vasoconstriction & tachycardia causing myocytes hypertrophy, death, dilation, ischaemia & arrhythmia
4 monitoring factors for cardiac failure
- Monitor response of medication 2-3 months
- Adherence
- Re-asses comorbidies
- Consider changes in medication timely
What is the mechanism of digoxin
Increase Na & Ca that increase cardiac contractility
Why does RAAS activity increase
Hypotension causing increase in SNS
Decreased renal perfusion and increase renin
What is standard therapy for cardiac failure
ACE inhibitors
What is the 5 adverse effect of ACE-I
HypoNa
Hypotension
Low output states
Renal dysfunction
NSAIDS
What is the alternative medication to ACE I
Angiotensin 2 receptor blocker
Why is ARB used
No cough that is associated w/ ACE I due to not blocking bradykinin breakdown
What is the mechanism of B blockers
Inhibit B1 receptors that inhibits sympathetic nervous system & protect against catecholamines & renin production decrease that decrease heart rate
What is a example of aldosterone blocker medication
Spironolactone
What is the mechanism of aldosterone blocker
Competitive inhibitor of aldosterone
