Pharmacology Basics Flashcards
actions of the biological system on the drug
What the body does to the drug
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics describes:
What the body does to the drug
study of the undesired effects of chemicals on biological systems
Toxicology
action of drugs on the biological system
What the drug does to the body
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacodynamics describes:
What the drug does to the body
Molecules whose interaction with receptor causes cellular responses
Agonists
Molecules whose interaction with receptor does not cause cellular response
Antagonists
But can prevent action of an agonist
Difference between agonists and antagonists
Agonists cause cellular responses; antagonists do not
Type of drug-target binding that is rare for drug-receptor interactions and irreversible
Covalent bonds
Drug-target binding for aspirin
Aspirin forms covalent (irreversible) bond with cyclooxygenase
Aspirin forms this type of bond with cyclooxygenase
Covalent (irreversible)
Aspirin forms covalent (irreversible) bond with this
Cyclooxygenase
Type of drug-target binding that is the primary electrostatic attractor
Ionic bond
Type of drug-target binding that is the secondary attractor; increased influence with better “fit”
Hydrogen and/or Van der Waals bonds
Opiate stereoisomers that are analgesic
L opiates
(D opiates are not)
Opiate stereoisomers that are antitussive
Both L and D opiates
Do stereoisomers require a symmetric or asymmetric center?
Asymmetric
proteins that bind with specificity and selectivity but are not receptors
No activity change with binding
Acceptors
Is there activity change with binding of acceptors?
No
Acceptors can affect pharmacodynamics by binding the drug and preventing:
Prevent drug interaction with the receptor
Drugs binding to acceptors is also referred to as this
Nonspecific protein binding
Nonspecific protein binding refers to this
Drugs binding to acceptors
Part of the dose response curve that is a measure of drug effectiveness or efficacy
Emax or the ceiling
Part of the dose response curve that is an indicator of binding affinity (strength) for the drug
Steepness of curve
Part of the dose response curve that is a measure of drug potency
Dose at 50% = effective dose 50% (ED50)
Emax or the ceiling of the dose response curve is a measure of this
Drug effectiveness / efficacy
Steepness of the dose response curve is an indicator of this
Binding affinity (strength) for the drug
Effective dose 50% (ED50; dose at 50% response) is a measure of this
Drug potency
Comparison of dose at a single level of effect
Does not allow comparison of effectiveness, merely dose at each drug’s half maximal response
Potency