Pharmacology And Ageing

Question 0

What is meant my bioavailability?

Answer 0

Amount of drug that actually reaches the systemic circulation

Question 1

What factors need to be considered when drug reaches the stomach?

Answer 1

What was taken with the drug 
Peg tubes (feeding tubes)
Can be on drugs that affect gastric pH
Inherited factors such as comorbidity 
Gastric pH can go up 
Gastric emptying can be delayed 
Dysphasia

Question 2

What happens to drug distribution if there is a decreased body water?

Answer 2

Decreased volume of distribution for hydrophilic medications
E.g ethanol

Question 3

What happens to drug distribution if there is a decreased mean body mass?

Answer 3

Decreased volume of distribution for medications that bind to muscles
E.g digoxin

Question 4

What happens to distribution if there is decreased albumin?

Answer 4

Increased amount of free drug

Question 5

What happens to distribution of there is increased body fat?

Answer 5

Increased volume of distribution for lipophilic medication

E.g diazepam

Question 6

What is meant by pharmacokinetics?

Answer 6

The time course and intensity of pharmacological effect

Question 7

What is the half life of a drug?

Answer 7

Time for serum concentration of drug to decline by 50%

Question 8

What is the clearance of a drug?

Answer 8

Volume of serum from which the drug is removed per unit of time

Question 9

What are the risk factors for adverse drug reaction?

Answer 9

Multiple medications
Multiple morbidity
Previous adverse reaction
Low body mass

Question 10

Common effects of drug interactions

Answer 10

Confusion
Cognitive impairment
Hypotension
Acute renal failure