Pharmacology

Question 1

pharmacology

Answer 1

study of preparation, uses and effects of drugs

Question 2

drug

Answer 2

any chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention or diagnosis of disease

any drug used to enhance physical or mental wellbeing

Question 3

An ideal drug is …

Answer 3

safe - more benefits than risks

selective - want it to treat disease, with little effect as possible on human cells

effective - successful at addressing the health issue

Question 4

5 “desirable” attributes of a drug:

*no single drug has all these attributes

Answer 4

reversible - reverse the adverse effects of what patient is experiencing (i.e. patient has HBP, want drug to lower BP)

predictable - drug have relatively same effect on all patients

no adverse effects - all drugs have some negative effects, but we want to minimize them

no interactions - when two drugs act together, they can either significantly increase or decrease the action of drug.

cheap + simple - affordable and easy to administer

Question 5

Goal of pharmacology:

Answer 5

maximum benefit to patient

minimum harm to patient

Question 6

6 factors determine strength of drug response (how much drug will make it to site):

Answer 6

dosage

route of administration

timing in between doses

unique patient differences

pharmacokinetics (ADME) - (how drug moves through body)

pharmacodynamics (effects of drug on body and its mechanism of action)

Question 7

ADME (pharmacokinetics)

Answer 7

absorption

distribution

metabolism

excretion

-how each of these processes is affected is what manages how much of a drug makes it to the site of action

Question 8

Nurse’s Role in Pharmacology

Answer 8

• assessment before, during and after administering drug
• evaluating safety drug for each individual client
• minimizing and evaluating adverse effects
• educating client and family

Question 9

5 “Rights” Medication Administration

ensures no errors are made when giving medication

Answer 9

• right drug
• right patient
• right dose
• right route of administration
• right time

Question 10

5 Additional Strategies Applied to “Rights” to make sure medications is given safely:

Answer 10

documentation

assessment

evaluation

patients right to education

patients rights refusal