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Obstetrics > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

0
Q

Pethidine

A

100mg IMI 4 hourly

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1
Q

Morphine

A

15mg IMI 4 hourly

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2
Q

Aterax (hydroxyzine)

A

100mg IMI 4 hourly

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3
Q

Bromicriptine

A

2.5mg dly 2/54

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4
Q

Betamethasone

A

<34 weeks

12mg IMI 12 hourly x2 doses

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5
Q

Oxytocin (post partum maintenance)

A

20IU in 1L Ringer’s lactate 120-240ml/h

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6
Q

Hematinics

A

Ferrous Sulphate 200mg dly to tds (delivering 65mg elemental iron per dose)
Folic acid 5mg dly
Vitamin C 100mg dly to tds
Vitamin B12 1000mg dly for 5/7 then weekly for 1/12 then monthly

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7
Q

Anti-D

A

100ug IMI stat

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8
Q

Salbutamol

A

Loading: 0.1-0.2mg slow IV injection
Maintenance: 10mg to 1L normal saline run at 60ml/h; increase by 10ml/h half hourly until contractions stop, maternal pulse reaches 120bpm or infusion reaches 120ml/h
Stop infusion after 24h

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9
Q

Ampicillin

A

1g IVI 6 hourly

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10
Q

Metronidazole

A

400mg tds or 2g stat

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11
Q

Erythromycin

A

250-500mg qid

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12
Q

Indomethacin

A

100mg pr 12 hourly

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13
Q

Misoprostol (induction)

A

200ug in 200ml saline, 20ml 2 hourly for max 24 hours

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14
Q

Prandin

A

0.5-1mg PV 6-12 hourly

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15
Q

Aspirin

A

75mg dly

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16
Q

Unfractionated heparin

A

Prophylaxis: 5000IU sc dly
Anticoagulation: 10000IU tds
Treatment of Thromboembolism: 10000IU stat then 1000IU hourly for 5 days
PTT 2-2.5

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17
Q

Enoxaparin

A

Prophylaxis: 40mg sc dly
Anticoagulation: 1mg/kg sc bd
PTT 2-2.5
MOA: activate antithrombin III, inhibit II, IX, X, XI, XII

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19
Q

Warfarin

A

2.5-10mg dly
INR 2-2.5
MOA: inhibits factors II, VII, IX, X, and protein C and S

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20
Q

Heparin reversal

A

Protamine sulphate
1mg per 50 units of hourly dose or
1mg per 100 units of last intermittent dose
In 20ml saline slow IV injection

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21
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

100mg IVI 6 hourly for 4 doses

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22
Q

Carbamazepine

A

200mg tds

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23
Q

Nevirapine (infant dose)

A

2mg/kg po stat

24
Q

Rifafour

A

50kg 5 tablets dly

Given with pyridoxine 50mg dly

25
Q

Adalat (nifedipine) - emergency treatment of hypertension

A

Preload 300ml Ringer’s lactate
10mg stat
Monitor BP half hourly, then hourly
10mg per hour if BP still >170/110

27
Q

Magnesium sulphate

A

Loading dose: 4g in 200ml saline run fast
Maintenance dose: 1g/h (10g in 200ml saline at 20ml/h)
Unresponsive: additional 2g magnesium sulphate or 1mg clonazepam slow IV injection

28
Q

Blood pressure control post delivery

A

5-10mg nifedipine dly or

25mg hydrochlorothiazide

29
Q

Maintenance therapy for hypertension

A
  1. Aldomet (alpha methyldopa) 250-500mg bd up to 750mg tds
  2. Adalat (nifedipine) 10-30mg tds or Hydralazine 10-50mg tds
  3. Prazosin 1-7mg tds
  4. Delivery
30
Q

Antibiotics for cardiac patient in labour

A

Ampicillin 1g IVI 6 hourly for 4 doses (or vancomycin 1g IVI stat) and gentamicin 240mg IVI stat

31
Q

Warfarin reversal

A

Fresh frozen plasma 1-2 units

Vitamin K 5mg IVI (takes 6-12 hours for effect)

32
Q

Uterine atony

A

Oxytocin (20IU in 1L Ringer’s 125ml/h)
Ergometrine 0.5mg IM (repeat once if necessary)
Misoprostol 200ug PO and 200-400ug SL or PR
Prostaglandin F2a 1mg into the myometrium (5mg in 20ml saline, 2ml into each cornu)

33
Q

Nifedipine (acute tocolysis)

A

Preload 500ml Ringer’s lactate, then run at 125ml/h
Give 20mg nifedipine, followed by another 10mg if contractions still present in half an hour
Give 10mg 4 hourly for contractions for a maximum of 24h

34
Q

Tenofovir

A

300mg dly

Contraindicated in renal disease

35
Q

Lamivudine (3TC)

A

300mg dly

36
Q

Emtricitabine (FTC)

A

200mg dly

37
Q

Nevirapine

A

Maintenance: 200mg dly for 2/52
Then 200mg 12 hourly
PMTCT: 200mg stat

38
Q

Efavirenz

A

600mg nocte

Avoid in psychiatric illness

39
Q

Zidovudine (AZT)

A

300mg 12 hourly

40
Q

Truvada

A

For PMTCT:
300mg tenofovir
200mg emtricitabine
Stat

41
Q

Candidiasis

A

Clotrimazole pessary 500mg PV stat

42
Q

Trichomoniasis/ bacterial vaginosis

A

Metronidazole 2g stat or clotrimazole pessary 500mg PV stat (first trimester)

43
Q

Mucopurulent discharge

A

Ceftriaxone 250mg IMI stat (or spectrinomycin 2g IMI stat) and
Erythromycin 500mg qid 7/7

44
Q

Syphilis

A

Chancre: benzathine penicillin 2.4 million units IMI stat (or erythromycin 500mg qid 14/7)
Unknown: benzathine penicillin 2.4 million units IMI weekly for 3 doses

45
Q

Chancroid

A

Erythromycin 250mg tds 5/7

46
Q

Penicillin desensitization

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin 100 units po, doubling dose every 15 minutes, for a total of 14 doses
Benzathine penicillin IMI 30 minutes after last dose

47
Q

Urinary tract infection

A

Severe symptoms:

  • cefalexin 500mg qid 3/7 or
  • coamoxiclav 375mg tds 3/7

Mild symptoms:

  • ampicillin 3g stat or
  • cotrimoxazole 4 tablets stat
48
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Cefazolin 1g IVI 8 hourly

Change to oral 24-48 hours after fever subsides

49
Q

Magnesium sulphate (alternate regimen)

A

Loading: 14g (4g in 12ml saline slow IV injection, 5g into each buttock with 1ml 1% lignocaine)
Maintenance: 5g IMI 4 hourly into alternate buttocks, mixed with 1ml 1% lignocaine

50
Q

Labetalol

A

Preload 300ml Ringer’s lactate
Infuse 20mg/hour (200mg in 200ml saline at 20ml/h), increasing by 20mg/hour every 30 minutes as necessary to a maximum of 300mg in 24 hours

51
Q

Dihydrallazine

A

Preload 300ml Ringer’s lactate
Hypertensive emergency: 25mg in 200ml saline run at 10-20ml/h titrated against BP
Postpartum or IUFD: 3.125mg IVI or 6.25mg IMI as single doses

61
Q

Calcium gluconate

A

10ml of 10% solution slow IV injection

66
Q

Furosemide

A

20-40mg IVI

67
Q

Vomiting

A

Metoclopramide 10mg po tds

68
Q

Heartburn

A

Aluminum hydroxide 10-20ml mdu or

Magnesium trisilicate 1-2 tablets mdu

69
Q

Oxytocin (augmentation)

A

Dosage: 2mU/min, increasing by 2mU/min every 30 minutes until adequate contractions achieved (3 contractions lasting 40 seconds each per 10 minutes). Max 20mU/min or 24h infusion
Administration: 2IU in 1L Ringer’s lactate, run at 60ml/h, increasing by 60ml/h until a maximum of 240ml/h. If still inadequate then 5IU in 1 L Ringer’s, run at 120ml/h, increasing to 180 then 240ml/h after 30 minute intervals
HT and cardiac: 2IU in 200ml Ringer’s, run at 12ml/h and increasing to 24, 36, and 48ml/h

Obstetrics (3 decks)

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