Pharmacology Flashcards
Adenosine (Indications)
Indications: Symptomatic Narrow Complex PSVT
Adenosine (Class)
Antiarrhythmic
Adenosine (Size/Concentration)
6mg/2ml
Adenosine (Dose)
1st : 6mg 2nd : 12mg
Adenosine (Route)
18g AC Fast IVP Follow w/20 ml LR
Adenosine (onset/duration)
Instant/ Half-life ~6 secs
Adenosine (Side effects)
Asystole
Adenosine (Contraindications)
Wide complex tach, WPW
Albuterol (Class)
Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator
Albuterol (Size/concentration)
2.5mg in 3ml
Albuterol (Dose)
2.5mg in nebulizer along with Ipratropium q 5mins PRN
Albuterol (Indications)
Bronchospasm, Hyper K+
Albuterol (Route)
Nebulizer
Albuterol (Onset/duration)
1-15 mins/3-6 hours
Albuterol (Side Effects)
Tachycardia, HTN, Anxiety, Dizziness
Albuterol (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
Aspirin (Class)
Antiplatelet
Aspirin (Size/concentration)
81mg per tablet
Aspirin (Dose)
324mg (4 tablets)
Aspirin (Indications)
Chest Px , Acute MI
Aspirin (Route)
PO (chew)
Aspirin (Onset/duration)
5 mins / 24 hours
Aspirin (Side effects)
Nausea / Bleeding
Aspirin (Contraindications)
Pre-existing allergy
Atropine (Class)
Parasympatholytic
Atropine (size/concentration)
1mg/10ml (PRELOAD)
Atropine (Dose)
0.5mg - 1.0mg (max. 3mg) PEDS: 0.02mg/kg (min 0.1mg) Organophosphate - 2-5mg q 10-15 mins
Atropine (Indications)
Symptomatic Brady, Organophosphate = large dose
Atropine (Route)
IV , ETT
Atropine (Onset/duration)
2-4 mins / 4 hours
Atropine (Side effects)
HA, Dizziness, Confusion
Atropine (contraindications)
Caution in MI
Calcium Chloride (Class)
Electrolyte
Calcium Chloride (Size/concentration)
1g/10ml (Preload)
Calcium Chloride (Dose)
1g
Calcium Chloride (Indications)
PEA, Hyper K+, Ca Channel Blocker, OD
Calcium Chloride (Route)
IVP / Flush Line
Calcium Chloride (Onset Duration)
Rapid
Calcium Chloride (Side effects)
Extravasation Necrosis
Calcium Chloride (Contraindications)
Digitalis toxicity
D50 (Class)
Carbohydrate
D50 (size/concentration)
25g/50ml (Preload)
D50 (Dose)
12.5g - 25g PEDS : D10 - titrate to LOC
D50 (Indications)
Hypoglycemia Hyperkalemia
D50 (Route)
IVP (if IO must use D10)
D50 (Onset/duration)
1-10 mins
D50 (Side effects)
Extravasation Necrosis
D50 (Contraindications)
Hyperglycemia
D10
12.5mg(25ml) of D50 in 250ml D5W
Diltiazem (Class)
Ca++ Channel Blocker
Diltiazem (size/concentration)
25mg/5ml
Diltiazem (Dose)
1st : 20mg @ 10 mins 2nd : 25mg (1/2 the dose if elderly)
Diltiazem (Indications)
A-FIB with RVR, SVT when Adenosine is ineffective
Diltiazem (Route)
Slow IVP over at least 2 mins
Diltiazem (Onset/duration)
3 mins / 1-3 hours
Diltiazem (Side effects)
Bradycardia, Hypotension, Heart block
Diltiazem (Contraindications)
WPW, Hypotension with signs of shock
Diphenhydramine (Class)
Antihistamine
Diphenhydramine (Size/Concentration)
50mg/1ml
Diphenhydramine (Dose)
25-50mg PEDS: 1mg/kg
Diphenhydramine (Indications)
Allergy, Dystonic reaction
Diphenhydramine (Route)
IVP
Diphenhydramine (Onset/duration)
1 min/ 4 hours
Diphenhydramine (Side Effects)
Drowsiness
Diphenhydramine (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
DuoDote (Class)
Nerve agent antidote
DuoDote (Size/concentration)
2.1mg Atropine + 600mg Pralidoxime
DuoDote (Dose)
1 Auto injector. 2 additional rapidly administered PRN
DuoDote (Indications)
Organophosphate poisoning
DuoDote (Route)
IM
DuoDote (Onset/duration)
<5mins / 1 hour
DuoDote (Side Effects)
N/A
DuoDote (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
EPI 1MG / 10ML (Class)
Sympathomimetic
EPI 1MG / 10ML (Size/concentration)
1mg/10ml (Preload)
EPI 1MG / 10ML (Dose)
Arrest : 0.5-1.0mg PEDS: 0.01mg/kg
EPI 1MG / 10ML (Indications)
Plan A, PEA, Asystole, VF, Shock w/ bradycardia
EPI 1MG / 10ML (Route)
IVP / ETT
EPI 1MG / 10ML (Onset/Duration)
Rapid / 5mins
EPI 1MG / 10ML (Side Effects)
Tachycardia, Anxiety, CVA, HTN
EPI 1MG / 10ML (Contraindications)
HTN , MI
EPI 1MG / 1ML (Class)
Sympathomimetic
EPI 1MG / 1ML (Size/Concentration)
1mg/1ml
EPI 1MG / 1ML (Dose)
IM: 0.3-0.5 PEDS: IM 0.15mg
EPI 1MG / 1ML (Indications)
Anaphylaxis, Asthma
EPI 1MG / 1ML (Route)
IM
EPI 1MG / 1ML (Onset/Duration)
Rapid/45mins
EPI 1MG / 1ML (Side Effects)
Tachycardia, Anxiety, CVA, HTN
EPI 1MG / 1ML (Contraindications)
HTN, MI
EPI Drip
Sympathomimetic
EPI Drip (Size/Concentration)
8mcg/ml
EPI Drip (Dose)
Microdrip: 2mg in 250ml D5W Titrate to SBP 90
EPI Drip (Indications)
Anaphylaxis, asthma, hypotension with Bradycardia
EPI Drip (Route)
IV infusion, needs it’s own line
EPI Drip (Onset/duration)
Rapid
EPI Drip (Side Effects)
Tachycardia, Anxiety, CVA, HTN
EPI Drip (Contraindications)
HTN, MI
Etomidate (Class)
Hypnotic
Etomidate (Size/concentration)
20mg/10ml (Vial)
Etomidate (Dose)
0.2mg/kg
Etomidate (Indications)
Induction
Etomidate (Route)
IVP
Etomidate (Onset/Duration)
30 secs/ 3-5mins
Etomidate (Side Effects)
Nausea, Vomiting
Etomidate (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
Furosemide (Class)
Loop diuretic
Furosemide (Size/concentration)
40mg/4ml
Furosemide (Dose)
20-40mg Consider higher dose for pt on daily Lasix (up to 160mg)
Furosemide (Indications)
CHF, HTN Crisis, Pulmonary Edema.
Furosemide (Route)
IVP
Furosemide (Onset/Duration)
Diuresis 15-30 mins
Furosemide (Side Effects)
Hypotension, Dizziness
Furosemide (Contraindications)
Hypotension, Sepsis
Hydroxocobalamin (Class)
Cyanide Antidote
Hydroxocobalamin (Size/concentration)
5g Powder in 250ml vial (must dilute with 200ml LR)
Hydroxocobalamin (Dose)
Adult: 5g over 15 mins PEDS: 70mg/kg over 15 mins Dilute w/200ml LR (max .5g)
Hydroxocobalamin (Indications)
Suspected Cyanide poison and Lactate >8mmol/L
Hydroxocobalamin (Route)
IV infusion
Hydroxocobalamin (Onset/duration)
<5 mins / Half-life 6 Days
Hydroxocobalamin (Side effects)
Hypertension, anaphylaxis
Hydroxocobalamin (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
Ipratropium (Class)
Bronchodilator
Ipratropium (Size/concentration)
0.5mg/2.5ml
Ipratropium (Dose)
0.5mg in Nebulizer along with Albuterol (See Albuterol) q 20mins x3 PRN
Ipratropium (Indications)
Bronchospasm
Ipratropium (Route)
Nebulizer
Ipratropium (Onset duration)
1-15 mins/ 3-6 hrs
Ipratropium (Side effects)
Tachycardia, HTN, Anxiety, Dizziness
Ipratropium (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
Ketamine (Class)
Hypnotic / Analgesia / Sedation
Succinylcholine (class)
Depolarizing Neuro-Muscular Blocker
Succinylcholine (size/concentration)
200mg/10/ml
Succinylcholine (dose)
2mg/kg
Succinylcholine (indications)
RSI Short Term Paralysis
Succinylcholine (route)
IVP
Succinylcholine (onset/duration)
1min/5min
Succinylcholine (side effects)
Apnea, Bradycardia, Hyper K+
Succinylcholine (contra-indications)
Renal Failure, Hyper K+, Malignant Hyperthermia, Neuromuscular Disease
Sodium Bicarbonate (class)
Electrolyte, Antacid
Sodium Bicarbonate (size/concentrations)
50mEq/50ml
Sodium Bicarbonate (dose)
CPR - 25mEq q other CPR cycle Hyper K+ - 50mEq
Sodium Bicarbonate (indications)
Plan A, Hyper K+, TCA, Crush injury
Sodium Bicarbonate (Route)
IVP
Sodium Bicarbonate (Onset/Duration)
Rapid
Sodium Bicarbonate (side effects)
Extravation Necrosis, tetany
Sodium Bicarbonate (contra-indications)
Calcium in line
Rocuronium (class)
Non Depolarizing Neuro-Muscular Blocker
Rocuronium (size/concentration)
100mg/10ml
Rocuronium (dose)
Paralysis: 1.0mg/kg
Rocuronium (indications)
RSI
Rocuronium (route)
IVP
Rocuronium (onset/duration)
1min/40min
Rocuronium (side effects)
Apnea
Rocuronium (contra-indications)
No Field contra-indications
Ketamine (Size/Concentration)
100mg/ml (Hypnotic) 20mg/20ml (Analgesia) 200mg/8ml (Sedation)
Ketamine (Dose)
IM: 5mg/kg MAX. 500mg (Hypnotic) Pain: 0.2mg/kg Sedation/ETI: 2mg/kg
Ketamine (Indications)
Excited delirium Pain Sedation
Ketamine (Route)
IM IV(must dilute)
Ketamine (Onset/duration)
1-4 mins/ 12-25 mins (IM) 1 min / 15-30 mins (IV)
Ketamine (Side Effects)
Emergence reactions (IM) Apnea (IV)
Ketamine (Contraindications)
No field contraindications (IM) Undiluted IV = Severe hypertension
Lidocaine (Class)
Antiarrhythmic
Lidocaine (Size/Concentration)
100mg/5ml (Preload)
Lidocaine (Dose)
100mg or 1-1.5mg/kg
Lidocaine (Indications)
VF, VT Plan A
Lidocaine (Route)
IVP
Lidocaine (Onset/Duration)
3 mins/ 10-20 mins
Lidocaine (Side Effects)
Convulsions, Bradycardia
Lidocaine (Contraindications)
High degree block Vent. rhythms <100
Magnesium Sulfate (Class)
Electrolyte
Magnesium Sulfate (Size/Concentration)
1mg / 2ml
Magnesium Sulfate (Dose)
VF/VT: 2g Eclampsia: 4g over 20 mins Status Asthmaticus: 2g over 10 mins
Magnesium Sulfate (Indications)
Refractory VF/VT Torsades Eclampsia Status asthmaticus
Magnesium Sulfate (Route)
IVP, Microdrip
Magnesium Sulfate (Onset Duration)
Rapid / 30 mins
Magnesium Sulfate (Side Effects)
Hypotension
Magnesium Sulfate (Contraindications)
Heart Block
Midazolam (Class)
Benzodiazepine
Midazolam (Size/Concentration)
5mg / 1ml
Midazolam (Dose)
Sedation: 1mg-2.5mg (5mg Nasal) Convulsion 10mg IM or 5mg IV ETOH withdrawal 0.2mg/kg PEDS: Sedation: 0.1mg/kg IV or Nasal Convulsions: 0.2mg/kg IM or Nasal
Midazolam (Indications)
Sedation, Convulsions
Midazolam (Route)
IVP, IM, Nasal
Midazolam (Onset/Duration)
2-5 mins / 1-2 hours
Midazolam (Side Effects)
Respiratory depression, Nausea
Midazolam (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
Morphine Sulfate (Class)
Benzodiazepine
Morphine Sulfate (Size/Concentration)
10mg/1ml
Morphine Sulfate (Dose)
2+2mg to 20mg for pain
Morphine Sulfate (Indications)
Pain, Anxiolytic
Morphine Sulfate (Route)
IVP
Morphine Sulfate (Onset/Duration)
5 mins/ 2-7 hours
Morphine Sulfate (Side Effects)
Respiratory depression, nausea
Morphine Sulfate (Contraindications)
Pre-existing allergy
Naloxone (Class)
Narcotic antagonist
Naloxone (Onset/Duration)
0.4mg/ml
Naloxone (Dose)
0.2+0.2mg, up to 0.8mg IV 0.4mg IV
Naloxone (Indications)
Narcootic OD
Naloxone (Route)
IVP, IM
Naloxone (Onset/Duration)
3 mins / 30 mins
Naloxone (Side Effects)
Vomiting, withdrawal symptoms
Naloxone (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
Nitroglycerin (Class)
Vasodilator
Nitroglycerin (Size/Concentration)
0.4mg/Tablet
Nitroglycerin (Dose)
0.4mg q 5 mins (if SBP is >100)
Nitroglycerin (Indications)
Angina, MI, Pulmonary edema
Nitroglycerin (Route)
Sublingual tablet
Nitroglycerin (Onset/Duration)
1-3 mins/10 mins
Nitroglycerin (Side Effects)
Hypotension, HA
Nitroglycerin (Contraindications)
RV MI, ED Drugs, Hypotension, Cerebral Edema
Norepinephrine (Class)
Sympathomimedic
Norepinephrine (Size/Concentration)
4mg/ 4ml
Norepinephrine (Dose)
8mg in 250 ml D5W Titrate to SBP ~90
Norepinephrine (Indications)
Shock
Norepinephrine (Route)
IV Microdrip, needs its own line
Norepinephrine (Onset/Duration)
Rapid/ 1-2 mins
Norepinephrine (Side Effects)
Dysrhythmias, HTN, Necrosis @ site
Norepinephrine (Contraindications)
Relative: Active bleeding secondary to trauma
Ondansetron (Class)
Antiemetic
Ondansetron (Size/Concentration)
4mg/2ml
Ondansetron (Dose)
4mg slow IVP over 1-2 mins PEDS: 0.1mg/kg up to max 4mg Slow IVP over 2 mins
Ondansetron (Indications)
Nausea, Vomiting
Ondansetron (Route)
SLow IVP, IM
Ondansetron (Onset/Duration)
1 min/4 hour half life Duration much longer
Ondansetron (Side Effects)
HA, Drowsiness, Dry Mouth
Ondansetron (Contraindications)
Not effective against motion sickness, Prolonged QT Syndrome
Oxytocin (Class)
Hormone
Oxytocin (Size/Concentration)
10 units/1ml
Oxytocin (Dose)
10u in ml LR IVP, Dilute 40u in 1000ml LR
Oxytocin (Indications)
Postpartum bleeding
Oxytocin (Route)
IVP, IV microdrip
Oxytocin (Onset/Duration)
Rapid/ 1 hour
Oxytocin (Side/Effects)
Nausea, Vomiting
Oxytocin (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
Phenobarbital (Class)
Barbiturate
Phenobarbital (Size/Concentration)
130mg/1ml
Phenobarbital (Dose)
260mg may repeat 1x PEDS: 20mg/kg
Phenobarbital (Indications)
Status epilepticus Refractory to Midazolam
Phenobarbital (Route)
Slow IVP
Phenobarbital (Onset/Duration)
3-5 mins / 88 hour half-life
Phenobarbital (Side Effect)
Apnea, bradycardia, CNS effects
Phenobarbital (Contraindications)
No field contraindications
Procainamide (Class)
Antiarrhythmic
Procainamide (Size/Concentration)
130mg/ml
Procainamide (Dose)
VF/VT arrest - 300mg IVP x3 Not Arrest - 50mg/min Hold if QRS widens 50% Max. 17mg/kg
Procainamide (Indicatios)
Refractory VF, Wide complex tachycardia, WPW, Plan A
Procainamide (Route)
IVP
Procainamide (Onset/Duration)
Rapid/ 3-6 hours
Procainamide (Side Effects)
Hypotension , widening QRS
Procainamide (Contraindications)
Heart Block, Torsades
