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Nur170 > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

A measure of he extent of drug absorption for a given drug and route. Enteral drugs are 100% bioavailable

A

Bioavailability

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2
Q

One or more biochemical reactions involving apparent drug. Occurs mainly in the liver.

A

Biotransformation

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3
Q

The lowest concentration of drug reached in the body after it falls from its peak level

A

Trough level

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4
Q

Drug interactions in which 1 + 1 > 2

A

Synergistic effects

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5
Q

Reduced response to a drug after prolonged use

A

Tolerance

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6
Q

The study of what happens to a drug from the time it is put into the body until the drug has left the body

A

Pharmacokinetics

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7
Q

The time required for. Drug to elicit a therapeutic response after dosing.

A

Onset of action.

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8
Q

The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the GI tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation thru the bloodstream.

A

First pass effect

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9
Q

Any chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a living organism

A

Drug

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10
Q

The process by which solid forms of drugs disintegrate in the GI tract and become soluble before being absorbed into the circulation

A

Dissolution

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11
Q

The time required for half of an administered dose of drug to be eliminated by the body, or the time it takes for the blood level of a drug to be reduced by 50%

A

Half life

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12
Q

The time required for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response in the body

A

Peak effect

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13
Q

The study of the biochemical and physiologic interactions of drugs at their sites of activity

A

Pharmacodynamics

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14
Q

The maximum concentration of a drug in the body after administration usually measured in a bold sampling therapeutic drug monitoring.

A

Peak level

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15
Q

Drug interactions in which the effect of a combo of 2 or more drugs with similar actions is equivalent to the sum of the individual effects of the drug given alone. 1+1 =2

A

Additive effects

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16
Q

A general term for any undesirable effects that are a direct response to one or more drugs

A

Adverse effect

17
Q

A drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in the body

A

Agonist

18
Q

The name that describes the chemical composition and molecular structure of a drug

A

Chemical name

19
Q

The length of time the concentration of a drug in the blood or tissues is sufficient to elicit a response.

A

Duration of action

20
Q

A drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more receptors in the body

A

Antagonist

21
Q

The name given by the United States Adopted Names Council

A

Generic name

22
Q

The desired or intended effect of a particular medication

A

therapeutic effect

23
Q

An immunologic hypersensitivity reaction resulting from the unusual sensitivity of a patient to particular medication

A

Allergic reaction

24
Q

The quality of being poisonous (injurious to health or dangerous to life)

A

Toxic

25
Q

The ratio between toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug

A

Therapeutic index

26
Q

The barrier system that restricts the passage of various chemicals and microscopic entities (bacteria, viruses) between the bloodstream and the CNS. Still allows for the passage of essential substances such as oxygen.

A

Blood brain barrier

27
Q

Six Rights of Medication

A 
✔️Right Drug
✔️Right Dose
✔️Right Route
✔️Right Time
✔️Right Patient
✔️Right Documentation
28
Q

Documentation of administered meds

A 
Med name
Med dose
Med route
Time of administration
Initials of nurse
Site of injection (if applicable)
29
Q

Assessing patient response times

A

15-30 min for IV or subq

30-60 for oral

30
Q

3 routes of drug admjnistration

A

Enteral
Parenteral
Topical

31
Q

Ability of a drug to move into solution

A

Dissolution

32
Q

Enteral meds

A

The entire alimentary canal from the mouth to the anus
Liquids absorbs fastest
Enteric coated absorbed slowest

33
Q

Parenteral route

A 
Absorption via the capillary system
IV 
IM
SQ
Intradermal
34
Q

Topical method of administration

A

Patches
Ointments
inhalers
Powder

35
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A 
Study of how he body deals with a drug
4 processes:
Absorption
distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
36
Q

Absorption

A

The movement of a drug from the site of administration into he bloodstream for distribution to the tissues

37
Q

Drug routes that undergo first pass effect

A

Oral
Hepatic artery
Portal vein
Rectal

38
Q

Drugs that do not undergo first-pass effect

A 
Buccal-sublingual 
Parenteral
Topical
Transdermal
Inhaled
39
Q

Distribution

A 
The transport of a drug to the body's site of action 
Rapid distribution 
-heart, liver, kidneys, brain
Slower distribution
-muscles skin fat

Nur170 (19 decks)

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