PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards
Study of substances that interact with the living systems through chemical processes, especially by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes
pharmacology
Fraction of unchanged drug reaching the systemic circulation following administration by any route
bioavailability
Reaction that depends on the concentration of only one reactant
first order kinetics
Duration of time required to change the amount of the drug in the body by one-half during elimination
half-life
Dose required to produce a particular toxic effect to 50% of subjects
median toxic dose
Slow increase of drug given until an effective or potent or desired level is reached
titration
Widely used route of administration for is ease of use
oral
Most highest bioavailable route of administration
intravascular
Type of transport system that requires energy, a carrier system and goes against the concentration gradiant
active transport
Attachment of a molecule of an acid normally present in the body to a drug
conjugation
Extra renal route of excretion that is important for breast feeding women
milk excretion
Addition of another drug creates the equivalent sum of the two drugs given
additive
Child dose = (age at next birthday x adult dose) / 24
Cowling’s rule
Tubular pH more acidic than plasma pH favors excretion of ________
weak bases
Acidic tissue pH favors absorption of _______
weak acid drugs
Produces drowsiness and encourages onset and maintenance of state of sleep
hypnotics
Representative drug of benzodiazepines
diazepam
Diazepam reaches peak plasma concentration after ___ hours
2
Good IM absorption among the benzodiazepines
midazolam
Mainstay of alcohol withdrawal syndrome
chlordiazepoxide
Effective sedative for outpatients third molar surgery
lorazepam
Benzodiazepine antidote or antagonist
flumanezil
Antihistaminic drug, that can produce, varying hypnotic effects
diphenhydramine
Drug of choice for treatment of malignant hyperthermia
dantrolene
