PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards
1
Q
What is the class and MOA of ASA
A
Class: Anti-platelet
MOA: Thromboxane A2 inhibitor. Platelet effects are irreversible for the life of the platelet (7-10 days)
2
Q
What is the class and MOA of Adenosine?
A
Class: AV-nodal blocker
MOA: temporality slows conduction through the AV node
3
Q
What is the class and MOA of Albumin?
A
Class: colloid, blood product
MOA: replacement plasma protein, increase intra vascular oncotic pressure and causes the mobilization of fluids into the intra vascular space
4
Q
What is the class and MOA of Amioderone ?
A
Class: class 3 anti-arrhythmic
MOA: blocks sodium channels in the heart, inhibits sympathetic activity by antagonizing beta adrenoreceptors, produces negative chronotropic effects in nodal tissues, lengthens cardiac action potential, slows conduction and prolongs action potential by blocking K+ channels
5
Q
What is the class and MOA of atenolol?
A
Class: anti-anginal, b1 selective blocker, anti hypertensive.
MOA: selectively blocks b1 adrenergic receptors with little to no effect on B2 except at high doses
6
Q
What is the class and MOA of Atropine
A
Class: anticholinergic, antimuscarinic
MOA: antagonizes acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors which produces parasympatholytic and vagolytic effects
7
Q
What is the class and MOA of calcium chloride
A
class: electrolyte
MOA: improves myocardial contractility and ventricular automaticity
8
Q
What is the class and MOA of cistracurium?
A
Class: Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
MOA:
Binds to motor end-plate cholinergic receptors. This antagonizes acetylcholine activity that results in neuromuscular blockade
9
Q
What is the class and MOA of clopidogrel ?
A
Class: antiplatelet, P2Y12 inhibitor
MOA: irreversibly blocks p2Y12 component on platelet surfaces preventing activation of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex reducing platelet aggregation
10
Q
What is the class and MOA of cryoprecipitate?
A
Blood product used to replace fibrinogen, factor VIII, factor XIII, von willebrad factor
11
Q
What is the class and MOA of Desmopressin
A
Class: synthetic analog of vasopressin
MOA: Prompt onset, longer acting than vasopressin, more specific anti diuretic action than vasopressin, increased water reabsorption, decreased urine production
12
Q
What is the class and MOA of Dexamethasone
A
Class: anti-inflammatory, corticosteroid
MOA: suppresses neutrophil migration, decreasing production of inflammatory mediators and reversing increased capillary permeability.
13
Q
What is the class and MOA of Dextrose
A
Class: carbohydrate substrate
MOA: immediate source of glucose and water to nutrient deficient cell, causes transient osmotic diuresis
14
Q
What is the class and MOA of Diazepam?
A
Class: benzodiazepine
MOA: Binds to receptor sites in the CNS promoting interaction between GABA and its receptors on neurons which become permeable to chloride. An influx of chloride makes the interior of the cell more negative and the cell takes longer to depolarize, suppressing the spread of seizure activity and raising the seizure threshold
15
Q
What is the class and MOA of Diltiazem
A
Class: non-dihydropyridine CCB
MOA: inhibits the entry of calcium ions into slow channels of vascular smooth muscles and myocardium during depolarization producing coronary relaxation
16
Q
What is the class and MOA of diphenhydrinate
A
Class: antiemetic, antihistamine, anticholinergic
MOA: inhibits cholinergic vestibular and reticular stimulation from motion
17
Q
What is the class and MOA of Diphenhydramine
A
Class: Antihistamine
MOA: Antihisamine with anticholinergic and sedating side effects
18
Q
What is the class and MOA of Dopamine
A
Class: sympathomimetic, Alpha/beta agonist
MOA:
Low dose: renal, mesenteric, cerebral vasodilation, improved urine output
Med dose: beta stimulation, increased HR and increased contractility
High dose: alpha effects dominate, systemic vasoconstriction
19
Q
What is the class and MOA of Dobutamine
A
Class: Adrenergic agonist, inotrope
MOA: beta 1 receptor stimulation, increased myocardial contractility and stroke volume
20
Q
What is the class and MOA of Enoxaparin
A
Class: Anticoagulant
MOA:Enhances the inhibition role of clotting by antithrombin 2
21
Q
What is the class and MOA of epinephrine
A
Class: sympathomimetic, catecholamine
MOA: acts on alpha, beta receptors producing vasochonstriction, reducing vascular permeability, bronchodilation, increased HR, increased force of myocardial contraction
22
Q
What is the class and MOA of eptifibatide
A
Class: Antiplatelet, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor
MOA: reversibly binds to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa reducing platelet aggregation and preventing thrombosis
23
Q
What is the Class and MOA of Glucagon
A
Class: insulin antagonist
MOA: accelerates the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver elevating BGL
24
Q
What is the class and MOA of Glycopyrolate
A
Class: Anticholinergic
MOA: blocks the action of acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites in secretory glands, smooth muscle, and CNS reducing salivation
25
What is the class and MOA of haloperidol
Class: Antipsychotic
MOA: blocks post-synaptic Mesolimbic dopaminergic receptors in the brain, depressing the release of hormones which depresses the reticular activating system
26
What is the class and MOA of heparin
Class: anticoagulant
MOA: potentiates the action of antithrombin III and inactivates thrombin, this prevents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
27
What is the Class and MOA of hydrazaline
Class: antihypertensive
MOA: vasodilation of arterioles, decreasing SVR
28
What is the class and MOA of hydrocortisone
Class: systemic corticosteroid
MOA: suppresses migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and reversing increased capillary permeability
29
What is the class and MOA of hydromorphone
Class: opioid analgesic
MOA: binds to opiate receptors in the CNS causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways and altering the perception of pain
30
What is the class and MOA of hydroxocobalamine
Class: vitamin
MOA: binds with cyanide molecules which prevents cyanide from binding to cellular mitochondria
31
What is the class and MOA of 3% Hypertonic Saline
Class: (sodium salt, electrolyte supplement)
MOA: marked osmotic shift of fluid from the intercellular to the interstitial and intra vascular space
32
What is the class and MOA of ibuprofen
Class: analgesic, antipyretic, NSAID
MOA: inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, reducing pain, inflammation and pyrexia
33
What is the class and MOA of immune globulin
Class: Blood product
MOA: replacement therapy for immunodeficiencies, provides passive immunity by increasing the antibody filter and antigen-antibody reaction potential
34
What is the class and MOA of isoproterenol
Class: adrenergic receptor agonist.
MOA: Strong B1/B2 stimulation resulting in relaxation of GI, bronchial, and uterine smooth muscle. Vasodilation of peripheral vascularture, increased HR and contractility
35
What is the class and MOA of Ketamine
Class: Dissociative anesthetic
MOA: Non-competitive NMDA receptor agonist that blocks glutamate
36
What is the class and MOA of Ketorolac
Class: Analgesic, NSAID
MOA: Reversibly inhibit clyooxygenase -1 and 2 (COX1/2) enzymes. Results in decreased formation of prostaglandin precursors
37
What is the class and MOA of Labetolol
Class: selective alpha and non-selective beta blocker
MOA: blocks receptors within the myocardium, bronchial and vascular smooth muscle
38
What is the class and MOA of Levetiracetam (KEPPRA)
Class: antiepileptic
MOA: inhibits voltage dependent N-type calcium channels, keppra may also bind to synaptic proteins that modulated neurotransmitter release. This may facilitate a GABA inhibitory response
39
What is the class and MOA of Lidocaine
CLASS: 1B anti arrhythmic
MOA: sodium channel blocker, decreases the duration of the action potential by shortening the period of repolarization.
40
What is the class and MOA of lorazepam
Class: Benzodiazepine
MOA: enhances the effects of GABA
41
What is the class and MOA of Magnesium Sulfate
Class: Antiarrythmic, smooth muscle relaxant
MOA: Alters membrane potential, slows conduction, relaxing smooth muscle relaxant MOA
42
What is the class and MOA of mannitol
Class: Osmotic diuretic
MOA: Increases extracellular fluid, volume, and dilutes extracellular stores of sodium pulling water out of the cells and into the plasma.
Results in cerebral edema reduction, lowering cerebral spinal fluid pressure
43
What is the class and MOA of Metoclopramide
Class: Antiemetic, dopamine antagonist
MOA: blocks dopamine receptors in the CNS, enhances GI tract motility and accelerates gastric emptying
44
What is the class and MOA of Metoprolol
Class: B1 beta blocker
MOA: inhibits B1 effects located in cardiac muscle
45
What is the class and MOA of Midazolam
Class: Benzodiazepine
MOA: intensifies GABA, resulting in hyperpolarization of neuronal cells resulting in greater threshold to reach for depolarization
46
What is the class and MOA of Milrinone
Class: inotrope, phosphodiesterase -3 inhibitor
MOA: results in vasodilation and inotropic effects with little chronotropic activity
47
What is the MOA and class of MORPHINE
Class: opioid
MOA: inhibits ascending pain pathways after binding to opiate receptors
48
What is the Class and MOA of Naloxone
Class: Opioid antagonist
MOA: competitively binds to opioid receptors bound to opiates in CNS
49
What is the class and MOA of Nifedipine
Class: Dihydropyridine CCB
MOA: inhibits influx of extracellular calcium across myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cell membrane
50
What is the class and MOA of nimodipine
Class: Dihydropyridine CCB
MOA: inhibits influx of extracellular calcium but has a greater effect on cerebral arterioles
51
What is the class and MOA of Nitroglycerin
Class: Anti-anginal, vasodilation
MOA: primarily a venodilator, relaxes smooth muscle in vasculature
52
What is the class and MOA of Norepinephrine
Class: Alpha/Beta agonist
MOA: stimulates alpha and beta 1 causing increased contractility , HR and vasoconstriction
53
What is the class and MOA of octreotide
Class: somatostatin Analog
MOA: decreases splanchic blood flow, decreases hormone secretion of multiple hormones (GH, gastric, VIP, LH, glucagon, insulin, secretin, serotonin, pancreatic polypeptide
54
What is the class and MOA of Ondansetron
Class: Antiemetic
MOA: selectively inhibits type 3 receptors suppressing nausea
55
What is the class and MOA of OxyContin
Class: opioid analgesic
MOA: binds to opiates receptors sites, inhibitory ascending pain pathways
56
What is the class and MOA of oxytocin
MOA: stimulates uterine contraction by activating G-protein receptors, increases local prostaglandin production
57
What is the class and MOA of pantoprozole
Class: proton pump inhibitor
MOA: inhibits gastric parietal cell hydrogen-potassium ATPase, blocks acids secretion in the stomach
58
What is the class and MOA of Phenylephrine
Class: sympathomimetic
MOA: Agonizes alpha adrenergic receptors produces arterial vasoconstriction
59
What is the class and MOA of phenytoin
Class: anticonvulsant
MOA: stabilizes neuronal membranes and decreases seizure activity by lowering intracellular sodium levels in the motor cortex; prolongs refractoriness and suppress ventricular pacemaker automaticity shortening action potential in the heart
60
What is the class and MOA of prednisone
Class: Glucocorticoid steroid
MOA: inhibits multiple inflammatory cytokinesis prevents inflammation by controlling the rate of protein synthesis and suppressing the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
61
What is the class and MOA of N-acetylcysteine
Class: Antidote, mucolytic agent
MOA: Hepatoprotective agent by restoring glutathione enhances the nontoxic sulfate conjugation of acetaminophen
62
What is the class and MOA of potassium-Chloride
Class: electrolyte
MOA: K+ is a major intracellular cation, involved in nerve impulse conduction, cardiac, skeletal, smooth muscle contraction
63
What is the class and MOA of procainamide
Class: 1A antiarrhythmic
MOA: inhibits recovery after repolarization resulting in a decreased myocardial excitation and conduction velocity, sodium blockade results in direct membrane stabilization that decreases conduction velocity and prolongs refractoriness
64
What is the class and MOA of propofol
Class: Anasthetic
MOA: positive modulation of the inhibitory function of GABA
65
What is the class and MOA of Protamine Sulfate
Class: Antidote
MOA: highly alkaline protein molecule with a large positive charge and a weak anticoagulant activity when administered alone. Protamine reverses the anti-factor Xa activity of LMWH
66
What is the class and MOA of prothrombin complex concentrate
Class: Octaplex
MOA: increases of vitamin K dependant coagulation factors ( II, VII, IX, X)
67
What is the class and MOA of ramipril
Class: Ace inhibitor
MOA: prevents the formation of angiotensin 2
68
What is the class and MOA of rocuronium
Class: non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
MOA: skeletal muscle relaxation by inhibiting the activity of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.
69
What is the class and MOA of salbutamol
Class: sympathomimetic, bronchodilator
MOA: selective beta 2 adrenergic agonist that produces bronchodilation
70
What is the class and MOA of sodium bicarbonate
Class: electrolyte, buffer
MOA: buffers/ neutralizes excess acids specifically excess pH raising overall pH
71
What is the class and MOA of Succinylcholine
Class: Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
MOA: depolarizes motor endplate by binding to acetylcholine receptors
72
What is the class and MOA of tenectaplase
Class: thrombolytic
MOA: modified form of human tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) binding fibrin and converting plasminogen to plasma
73
What is the class and MOA of Thiamine
Class: Vitamin B1
MOA: essential coenzyme in carb metabolism by combining with ATP to form thiamine pyrophosphate.
Tx in ethylene glycol poisoning
74
What is the class and MOA of Ticagrelor
Class: Anti-platelet
MOA: reversibly binds ADP P2Y12 receptor on platelet surface prevents activation of the GP IIb/IIIa complex reducing platelet aggregation
75
What is the class and MOA of TXA
Class: antifibrinolytic
MOA: prevents clot degradation by competing for TXA receptor sites
76
What is the class and MOA of Vasopressin
Class: antidiuretic hormone
MOA: stimulates a family of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors, oxytocin receptors and purine this receptors
77
What is the class and MOA of Vitamin K
Class: Fat-soluble vitamin
MOA: promotes liver synthesis of clotting factors (II,VII, IX, X)
78
Which receptor does propofol primarily work on?
GABA, specifically GABAa
79
What is the primary indication for propofol?
Maintanance of anasthesia, can be used for induction
80
What is the infusion dose, and induction dose of propofol?
INDUCTION:
1-2.5mg/kg ADULT
0.5-1.0mg/kg Pediatric
Infusion
25-100mcg/kg/min
81
Which receptor does ketamine work on, an what neurotranmitter dose it block?
Ketamine is an NMDA receptor agonist, that blocks the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate
82
What is the targetted effects of ketamine?
Analgesia, anesthesia, dissociation
83
What is the dosing range for Ketamine?
0.1-1mg/kg
84
Which receptor (s) does Dopamine stimulate?
Dose dependant effcts, stimualtes alpha, beta, dopaminiergic receptors
85
What are three classic settings for the use of Dopamine?
Cardiogenic shock
-vasoconstriction and +inotropy.
Congestive Heart failure
-inotropy, degree of vasodilation
Cardiac stimulation during surgery
86
What is the dose range that could be seen with Dopamine
2-20mcg/kg/min
87
What is a common starting dose for dobutamine?
10mcg/kg/min
88
From most potent to least potent effect on BP, list vasopressors (PE,NE,DOP.EPI,DOB,DOPEX,ISO)
PE
NE
DOP
EPI
DOB
DOPEX
ISO
89
Based on dosage, what are the targeted dopamine effects based on these doses.
2mcg/kg/min:
5-10mcg/kg/min
0-20mcg/kg/min
2mcg/kg/min=dopaminergic effects (renal, mesenteric, cerebral vasodilation)
5-10mcg/kg/min: beta effects (inotropy, chronotropy)
10-20mcg/kg/min: primarily alpha receptor agonism, resulting in vasoconstriction
90
When is the ccp indicated to administer dopamine?
Hypotension in the absence of hypovolemia
-cardiogenic shock
-bradycardia
-Sepsis
-renal failure
91
What are contraindications for dopamine?
-Known pheochromocytoma
-tachydysrhythmias
-mono-amine oxidase inhibitors
92
How is a dopamine infusion typically prepared?
400 mg in 250ml of D5W
93
What is the onset time of dopamine?
2-5minutes
94
When is dobutamine indicated?
In cases of low cardiac output, or low cardiac index.
Short term managment of patients with cardiogenic decompensation
95
What is the primary affect of dobutamine
Dobutamine is an inotrope, it primarily improves contractility and heart rate by stimulating Beta 1 adrenergic receptors
96
What is the common does range for dobutamine?
2-20mcg/kg/min
97
When is Hydrazaline indicated?
Hypternsive emergency in adults, and in pregnancy/post-partum patients
98
For adults experiencing hypertensive emergency, what is the dose of hydrazaline?
10-20mg IV every 4-6hrs
99
In pregnant/post partum patients, what is the required dose of hydrazaline?
5-10mg IV q 20 min as needed.
100
What is the mechanism of action for hydrazaline?
Hydrazaline causes direct vasodilation of arterioles decreasing systemic vascular resistence.
101
What are three common indications for norepinephrine?
-Symptomatic bradycardia
-Shock with hypotension refractory to fluids
-Cardiogenic shock
102
What are the 5 drugs utilized by ccps to treat seizures
-midazolam
-Ativan
-Phenytoin
-Ketamine
-propofol
Kepra is commonly given by CCPs but is not in our kits.
103
What are the four receptors targeted when treating seizures?
-sodium channels (Pheytoin)
-Calcium channels
-GABA receptors (Propofol, benzos)
-Glutamate receptors (ketamine)
104
Which two drugs common to ccp practice require a filter?
Amioderone and keppra
105
In the critical care setting, what are three settings where administration of a proton pump inhibitor be beneficial to prevent stress ulcers?
-Coagulopathy
-Severe sepsis
-Mech-vent >48hrs
106
What is the mechanism of action regarding proton pump inhibitors?
They reduce the effects of gastric acid on walls of stomach and intestines by supressing H/K ATPase enzyme (gastric proton pump)
107
What is a PPI a bridge to?
PPI is a bridge to endoscopy
108
What are two common proton pump inhibitors?
Protonix, nexium
109
What is the mechanism of action for furosemide?
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits reabsorption of na+ and Cl in the loop of henle
110
What is a common dose range for furosemide
40-80mg IV
111
What are three common antiemetics to ccps?
-diphenhydrinate
-Metoclopromide
-ondansetron
112
Generally, what is the MOA for calcium channel blocking medications?
Inhibting the influx of calcium to cardiac and smooth muscles.
113
Where do non-dyhydropiridines act?
Cardiac muscle tissue. Slows conduction and reduces inotropy
114
Where do dyhydropiridines act?
Smooth muscle tissue resulting in primarily vasodilation.
115
Which steroid is an imunosupressant, glucocorticoids or mineralcorticoids?
Glucocorticoid steroids are immunosupessant and mimics cortisol.
116
What do mineralcorticoids mimic?
They mimic aldosterone
117
Which medication is the most potent glucocorticoid?
Dexemethasone
118
Which is the most potent mineralcorticoid?
Fludrocortizone?
119
Where are hormones secreted?
Within the adrenal glands
120
What is the MOA of TNK and TPA?
Both drugs prevent plasminogen from becoming plasmin which shears and destorys the clot.
121
Which is a more common thrombolytic? TPA OR TNK
TNK is more common, it is one bolus dose rather than a bolus with a follow up infusion like tpa
122
Which neuroleptic do CCPs carry?
Haloperidol
123
What does haloperidol do?
Blocks neuron activity in the brain
124
What is the most common side affect of haloperidol
QT prolongation.
125
What is the dose range for Rocuronium?
0.6mg-1.2mg/kg
CCP uses 1mg/kg
126
Which receptor does succinylcholine block acetylcholine at?
Nictotic receptors.
127
What is the dose range for succinylcholine?
1-1.5mg/kg
CCP uses 1.5mg/kg
128
List the order of medications in RSI
-BIG Syringe (Induction)
-Little Syringe (Paralytic)
-Chaser (Pressor)
129
Why is norepinephrine favoured over dopamine?
Norepinephrine is less arrythmogenic
130
Which receptors does vasopressin work on?
V1, V2
131
What affects occur when V1 receptors are stimulated?
Vasoconstriction in vascular beds and smooth muscle
132
What happens when V2 receptors are stimuated?
V2 receptor stimulation results in increased water absorption in the kidneys resulting in expanded extracellular fluid volume.
133
When is vasopressin likely to be considered?
In distributive shock sec. To sepsis refractory to typical pressors.
134
What is the typical dose range for vasopressin?
0.02-0.04U/min
135
What is the standard dose range for dopamine?
2-20mcg/kg/min
136
What dose range for dobutamine offers the most inotropic support?
2-10mcg/kg/min
137
What is the MOA of milrinone?
Milrinone is a phosphodiesterase 3 enzyme inhibitor that blocks the breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, this results in more calicum influx into the myocardial cells.
138
What is a typical dose range for milrinone?
0.125-0.75mcg/kg/min
139
What is the Dose range for dopamine?
2-20mcg/kg/min
140
Which receptors does dopamine primarily act on
Primary b1,b2, some alpha, D
141
What is the time to onset of dopamine?
2-5min
142
What is the duration of action for dopamine?
<10min
143
What is the doserange of dobutamine?
2-20mcg/kg/min
144
What are the primary receptor sites for dobutamine?
Primarily b1,b2,A
145
What is the onset time of dobutamine?
1-10min
146
What is the duration time of dobutamine?
2 minutes
147
What is the dose range of milrinone?
0.125-0.75mcg/kg/min
148
Which receptor does milrinone inhibit?
Phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitor
149
What is the time of onset for milrinone?
5-15min
150
What is the duration time of milrinone?
2-3 hours
151
What is the dose range for norepinephrine?
1-100mcg/min
152
Which receptors are primarily stimulated by norepi?
Alpha 1, b1
153
What is the onset to action for norepi?
Immediate
154
What is the duration of norepi once the infusion has ended?
1-2min.
155
What is the dose range for push-dose phenylephrine?
50-100mcg
156
What is the primary receptor sites for phenylephrine?
A1
157
What is the onset time of phenylephrine?
Immediate
158
What is the duration time of phenylephrine
15min
159
What is the dose range for an epinephrine infusion?
2-20mcg/min
160
Which receptors are activated by epinehrine
Primary b1,a1,b2
161
What is the onset time to epinephrine?
Immediate
162
What is the duration of epinephrine?
5-10min
163
What is the dose range for vasopressin
0.02-0.04u/min
164
Which receptors are primarily stimulated by vasopressin?
V1/V2
165
What is the onset time of vasopressin?
30-60min
166
What is the duration of vasopresisn?
Length of infusion, + 20min after it stops
167
What is the onset and duration times for Rocuronium?
Onset: 30-60 seconds
Duration: 30-60min
168
What is the onset and duration times of succinylcholine?
Onset: 30-60 seconds
Duration: 4-6 minutes
169
What is the maintanence dose for ketamine?
1/2 the induction dose used. (0.5mg/kg/hr)
170
What is the maintanence dose range for propofol
25-100mcg/kg/min
171
What is the maintanence dose range for midazolam?
5-10mg/hr
172
What is the dose range for morphine
5-10mg/hr
173
What is the maintanence dose range for fentanyl?
50mcg/hr
174
Dose range for dopamine
2-20mcg/kg/min
175
What are the main receptors dopamine acts on?
B1, Dopiminergic, B2
176
What is the onset time for dopamine?
2-5 minutes
177
What are the primary receptor site for dobutamine
B1,b2, with some alpha
178
What receptor/enzyme does milrinone inhibit?
Phosphodiesterase 3 enzyme inhibitor.
179
What is an appropriate starting dose for Norepinephrine?
1-10mcg/min
180
What is the starting dose for Vasopressin?
0.02-0.04u/min
181
What is the infusion dose for midazolam?
0.1-0.2mg/kg/hr
182
What is the infusion rate for propofol?
25-100mcg/kg/min
183
What is the mechanism of action for propofol
Propofol acts on GABAa receptors, intesifying the inhibitory effects of that neurotrasmitters. Resulting in anasthesia
184
What is the duration of midazolam?
20-30minutes
185
What is the maintenance dose for ketamine?
1/2 the induction dose. 0.5mg/kg/hr
186
What is the mechanism of action for rocuronium?
Rocuronium is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that binds to nicotinic receptors preventing the action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.
187
What is the mechanims of action for succinylcholine?
Sucinylcholine binds with nicotinic recetpors on the motor endplate at the neuromuscular junctioning, inhibiting the action of acetylcholine which results in depolarization and eventually short term paralysis
188
What is the onset time of succinylcholine
30-60 seconds.
189
What is the duration time of succinylcholine?
4-6min duration. It is short acting.
190
What is the onset and duration of rocuronium?
Onset 30-60seconds
Duration 45min
191
What is the mechanism of action for TXA?
TXA prevents plasminogen from becoming plasmin, prevent clot breakdown of fibrin clots.
