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PTCB Prep > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the mechanisms through which drugs are processed by the body?

A

Liberation, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolization, Excretion

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2
Q

What is the first mechanism when a drug is processed by the body?

A

Liberation

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3
Q

What is the second mechanism when a drug is processed by the body?

A

Absorption

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4
Q

What is the third mechanism when a drug is processed by the body?

A

Distribution

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5
Q

What is the fourth mechanism when a drug is processed by the body?

A

Metabolization

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6
Q

What is the final mechanism when a drug is processed by the body?

A

Excretion

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7
Q

What is the mechanism for when the drug separates from the inactive ingredients?

A

Liberation

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8
Q

What is liberation?

A

The mechanism through which a drug separates from inactive ingredients

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9
Q

Complete the list:

_______ > Absorption > Distribution > Metabolism > Excretion

A

Liberation

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10
Q

What is the mechanism for when the drug begins entering the blood?

A

Absorption

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11
Q

What is absorption?

A

When the drug enters the blood

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12
Q

What is bioavailability?

A

The percentage of a drug that actually enters the blood

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13
Q

What is the term for the percentage of a drug that actually enters the blood?

A

Bioavailability

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14
Q

What reduces a drug’s bioavailability?

A

When a drug has to pass through the mucous membranes and GI tract

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15
Q

What can be changed about a drug to change its onset and duration of action?

A

Liberation

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16
Q

What type of drugs are subject to the first-pass effect?

A

Drugs taken orally

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17
Q

What is the first-pass effect?

A

The breakdown of drugs before they reach circulation

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18
Q

What is the term for the breakdown of drugs before they reach circulation?

A

First-pass effect

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19
Q

What is the mechanism where a drug becomes dispersed around the body?

A

Distribution

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20
Q

What is distribution?

A

When a drug becomes dispersed around the body

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21
Q

Complete the list:

Liberation > _______ > Distribution > Metabolism > Excretion

A

Absorption

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22
Q

What is Metabolism?

A

The breakdown of a drug

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23
Q

What is the mechanism for when the body breaks down the drug?

A

Metabolism

24
Q

Complete the list:

Liberation > Absorption > Distribution > ______ > Excretion

A

Metabolism

25
Q

What is excretion?

A

Elimination of a drug from the body

26
Q

What is the mechanism for when a drug is eliminated from the body?

27
Q

Complete the list:

Liberation > Absorption > Distribution > Metabolism > __________

28
Q

What is elimination half-life?

A

The time required for the drug to reach half of its peak concentration

29
Q

What are the two ways a drug acts on bodily systems?

A

Mimicking or inhibiting normal processes in the body and inhibiting the growth of certain organisms

30
Q

What is an agonist?

A

Binds to receptors and stimulates activity

31
Q

What is an antagonist?

A

Binds to a receptor to block activity

32
Q

What is a patrial agonist?

A

Agonists that partially activate receptors

33
Q

What is an inverse agonist?

A

Agonists that slow activity

34
Q

What is the mechanism of action for when a drug binds to receptors and stimulates activity?

35
Q

What is the mechanism of action for when a drug binds to a receptor and blocks activity?

A

Antagonist

36
Q

What is the mechanism of action for when a drug partially activates receptors?

A

Partial Agonist

37
Q

What is the mechanism of action for when a drug binds to a receptor to slow activity?

A

Inverse agonist

38
Q

What is the duration of action?

A

How long a drug is effective

39
Q

What is the term for how long a drug is effective?

A

Duration of action

40
Q

What does DAW 0 mean?

A

No product selection is indicated and substitution is acceptable

41
Q

What does DAW 1 mean?

A

Substitutions are not allowed by the prescriber

42
Q

What does DAW 2 mean?

A

Patient is requesting brand name

43
Q

In a DAW 1, who is requesting the brand name of the drug?

A

The prescriber

44
Q

In a DAW 2, who is requesting the brand name of the drug?

A

The patient

45
Q

What is a DAW 3?

A

Pharmacist has selected brand name, substitutions allowed

46
Q

What is a DAW 4?

A

The generic brand is not in stock

47
Q

Who is requesting the brand name in DAW 3?

A

The pharmacist

48
Q

What is DAW 5?

A

Brand-name has been dispensed at the generic price, substitution allowed

49
Q

What is DAW 6?

A

Override code

50
Q

What is DAW 7?

A

Brand-name is mandated by law

51
Q

What is a DAW 8?

A

Generic isn’t available

52
Q

What is the difference between DAW 4 and DAW 8?

A

DAW 4 is when the generic isn’t in stock, DAW 8 is when it is not available

53
Q

What do barbiturates do?

A

Depress the central nervous system

54
Q

What do corticosteroids do?

A

Reduce inflammation

55
Q

What is the expiration date for a drug?

A

Usually a month and a year

PTCB Prep (7 decks)

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