Pharmacology Flashcards
Dopamine
motivation, movement, reward-system, psychosis (too much), cognition
Norepinephrine
awakness, development of anxiety and depression
Serotonin
central in anxiety and depression (too little), bowel motility.
Histamine
blocking H1 -> anxiety-relief, drowsiness, weight gain.
GABA
decreases excitiability -> muscle-relaxer, reducing anxiety
SSRI: with other drugs, sie effects, used for?
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Inital anxiety, sd, inhibited bowel movement. Serotenergic syndrome if combined with tramadol/migraine drugs. Hyponatremia. Few withdrawal symptoms. Panic syndrome, GAD and OCD.
SNRI: can also be used for?
serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. More potent, but more apparent symptoms. Can also be used for neuropathic pain and urinary bladder disorders. withdrawal symptoms. Can be swoped with anxiolytics if depression is also present.
NaSSA
noradreneergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants. Stimulate release of Norep and ser. NaSSA + SNRI/SSRI -> rocket fuel. Hypnotic.
NDRI: can also be used for?
norepinephrine and dopamin reuptake inhibitors. Good alternative for people with ADHD (deficiency of dop). Also used for smoking.
TCA: risk of?
tricyklic antidepressants. Predecessors. High risk of cardiac toxicity. Inhibit reuptake of norep and ser, though not selective. Also inhibit reuptake of histamin -> itch, headache, stomach issues, and acetylcholine -> dementia, high pain treshold.
Anxiolytics: 4
anxiety drugs. Phobias and PTSD. Antihistamines, buspirone, pregabalin, benzodiazepines.
Antihistamines
Anxiolytic. 30 min to work. Inhibits histamin and serotonin reuptake. Drowsiness.
Buspirone: how works?
Anxiolytic. Partial serotonin agonist. Used for long time management of GAD.
Benzodiazepine: how works?
Anxiolytic. Increase of GABA -> sedative. Also used for seizures and alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Benzo + opiods/depressive drugs -> intox.
Pregabalin: how works?
Anxiolytic. Very addictive. Woorks trough calcium-kanals in CNS. Also helps with neuropathic pain.
Mood Stabilizers: 3
Lithium: mechanism unknown. Prevents depression and mania. High risk of intoxication.
Antiepileptic drugs: depressive episodes bipolar disorder.
Antipsychotic drugs: (see other card)
Antipsychotic drugs: generations
First generation: D2-antagonist. Extrapyramidala effects (dystonia, akatisia, dyskinesia, parkisonism). Malign neuroleptic syndrome (hyperthermia, rigidity, reduced consciousness).
Second generation: D2-antagonist and 5HT-antagonist. Metabolic syndrome.
ADHD - treatment
Only for improved functioning, not improve sense of being.
Central stimulants: attention deficit
Non central stimulants: hyperactivity
