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Emergency Medical Services > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

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1
Q

Medication Regulation

What major U.S. law was passed in 1906 that prohibited altering or mislabeling medications?

A

Pure Food and Drug Act

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2
Q

Medication Regulation

Which law prohibited the importation of opium? What year was this?

A

Opium Exclusion Act of 1909

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3
Q

Medication Regulation

What is the Harrison Narcotic Act?

A

A 1914 Act that regulated and taced the manufacture and sale of opiates and cocaine products

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4
Q

Medication Regulation

What is the 1938 Act that Gave authority to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to oversee the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics?

A

Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

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5
Q

Medication Regulation

What act classified potentially abused medications into one of five schedules, which including security, record keeping and dispensing requirements?

A

The 1970 Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act

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6
Q

Medication Regulation

What are Schedule 1 drugs?

A

Great potential for psychological and physical addition - most controlled

Marijuana, LSD, heroin

Highest risk

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7
Q

Medication Regulation

What are Schedule 2 drugs?

A

Drugs with a high potential for abuse but less than Schedule 1

Oxycodone, methamphetamines, meperidine, fentanyl, morpine

Higher risk

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8
Q

Medication Regulation

What are Schedule 3 drugs?

A

Drugs with low to moderate potential for addiction
Drugs have <90 mg of codeine per dosage unit

Ketamine, steroids, acetaminophen with codeine

Low to moderate risk

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9
Q

Medication Regulation

What are Schedule 4 drugs?

A

Drugs with potential for abuse and any kind of addiction

Alprazolam, lorazepam, diazepam, zolpidem

Lower risk

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10
Q

Medication Regulation

What are Schedule 5 drugs?

A

Drugs with the lowest risk for abuse or addition
Genenerally for antidiarrheal, antitussive, or analgesic purposes

Narcotic cough medications, pregabalin

Lowest risk

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11
Q

Medication form

What is a tablet?

Medication form

A

Powder compressed into a solid to be swallowed

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12
Q

Medication form

What is a capsule?

A

Powder or gel surrounded by a gelatin shell

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13
Q

Medication form

What is a suspension?

A

Water - insoluble powder suspended in a thick sugary liquid that seperates on standing; shaking is required

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14
Q

Medication form

What is a solution?

A

Medication dissolved in another liquid, usually water

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15
Q

Medication form

What is a Metered does inhaler?

A

Liquid or finely powdered solid in a pressurized canister for inhalation

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16
Q

Medication form

What is a topical medication?

A

Applied to skin for treatment

17
Q

Medication form

What is a transdermal/transcutaneous medication?

A

Medication applied to and absorbed through the skin for absorption into the bloodstream

Often comes in a patch, for example a nictotine patch

18
Q

What is a Suppository medication?

A

Medication contained within a greasy/waxy substances that melts in the body to deliever the medication; often inserted into the rectum or vagina

19
Q

Medication terms

Indication

A

Why a drug is given - the symptoms it is used to treat

20
Q

Medication terms

Contraindication

A

Reasons to not give a medication

21
Q

Absolute Contraindication

A

Reasons a drug should never be given, regardless of the circumstances

22
Q

Medication terms

Adverse Reactions

Side effects

A

Nontherapeutic effects a medication has on the body

23
Q

Medication terms

Idiosyncratic Effects

A

Specific unexpected, nontherapeutic reactions of a patient to a medication

Also called untoward effects

24
Q

Medication terms

Interactions

A

The effects taking multiple medications at the same time have on the body (which may induce side effects)

25
Q

Physiology of Pharmacology

Pharmacology

A

The study of medications and their effects on the body

26
Q

Physiology of Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

A

The process that a drug performs to alter processes in the body to bring about a desired effect, including the overall response of the body to a medication

27
Q

Pharmacodynamics

Endogenous chemicals

A

Found within the body

28
Q

Pharmacodynamics

Exogenous chemicals

A

Originate outside the body

29
Q

Pharmacodynamics

Agonist

A

Binds to receptor sites producing a similar response to the intended chemical and receptor

30
Q

Pharmacodynamics

Antagonist

A

binds to the receptor either on the primary site, or on another site, which all together stops the receptor from producing a response

Anti-Agonist

Work by competitive inhibition or noncompetitive inhibition

31
Q

Pharmacodynamics

Competitive Inhibition

A

The medication blocks the effects of the endogenous chemical by binding to the same receptor

Emergency Medical Services (4 decks)

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