pharmacology Flashcards
what are the 6 medical rights
Right time, route, amount, medication, patient, documentation
what does asprin do?
block platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
when do you give a patient asprin
when they are experiencing chest pain suggestive of cardiac ischemia and mayocardial infarction
what are the contraindications for asprin and what they mean
Asthma exacerbation: ask the patient is they have asthma and if it has ever been exacerbated by taking NSAIDS
Allergy/hypersensitivity: ask the patient if they have an allergy to NSAIDS (Ibuprofen, or naproxen)
Pediatric: ASA not indicated unless rare specific ischemic cardiac history
Dose: 162mg
Acute bleed: look for any signs or symptoms of an acute bleed including signs of CVA or history of recent head trauma
Cautions for Aspirin, approach, and physical assessment
Pregnancy: ask patient about possibility of pregnancy
recent internal bleeding: ask about blood in vomit/stool (GI Bleed)
- assess for S/S of internal hemorrhaging (blood in vomit/stool, shock, rigid abdomen, bruising around the naval)
- assess for head injuries
- s/s of stroke
- s/s of intracranial pressure (increased BP, irregular breathing, and bradycardia, unequal pupils, DLOC)
bleeding disorders: ask patient about any bleeding disorders, review history (disorders such as hemophilia result when the blood lacks clotting factors)
anticoagulant: review medications for patients currently taking anticoagulants
surgery: ask about recent major surgeries
- assess for scars indicating recent surgery
side effects of asprin
Respiratory wheezing
GI; heartburn, nausea and vomiting
what is the purpose of nalozone?
to reverse respiratory depression/mental status secondary to actual or suspected narcotic overdose.
- competes with opioid receptors sites. displaces previously administered opioids from their receptors
Indications to give Narcan
Decreased LOC, respiratory depression (requiring BVM), s/s suggestive of narcotic overdose (pinpoint pupils, drug paraphernalia, track marks, pill bottles, etc.)
contraindications of narcan (naloxone hydrochloride0
known allergy; ask bystanders, family, friends
pediatric; naloxone not given to neonate
cautions for nalozone (narcan)
acute withdrawal symptoms/aggression ; continualy assess and prepare for withdrawal symptoms
nausea, vomitting, aggression, sweating, tachycardia
Route of narcan
intermuscular (IM)
acronym for asprin
AAADP
Asthma exacerbation, allergy, acute bleed, dose, pediatric
accronym for cautions of asprin
PARBS
acronym for contraindications of naloxone
KP
Known allergy, Pediatric
contraindication for entonox and physical assessment
Pneumothorax; history of trauma.
- assess for chest truma, s/s of tension pneumothorax (decreased lung sounds, chest pain, shock)
air embolism; history of IV drugs, history of IV drug use.
- assess for deep vein thrombos (swelling in your foot, ankle, or leg, usually on the one side)
- assess for pulmonday embolism (acute onset chest pain, shortness of breathe, decreased SpO2 levels)
- s/s of stroke (FASTVAN)
Inhalation Injury; history suggesting possible inhalation injury
- assess for inhalation injury (soot, charring, stridor, laryngeal, swelling, etc)
Nitroglycerin; nitro in the last 5 minutes
Decompression illness; have you been diving recently?
- assess for decompression sickness (pain in joints, lethargy, mediastinal emphysema, subcutaneous emphysema, rash/mottled skin)
Inability to comply; is your patient able to understand and safely self-administer?
- AVPU/GCS scale
Enclosed space; assess space for adequate ventilation
- open air vent/window
