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Uro/Neph > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Overactive Bladder/Incontinence

A 
Detrol (tolterodine)
Enablex (darifenacin)
Oxytrol or Ditropan (oxybutynin)
Trospium
Fesoterodine
Solifenacin
Myrbetriq (mirabegron)
Cymbalta (duloxetine*)
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2
Q

Detrol (tolterodine)

MOA

A

Anticholinergic competitive antagonist of muscarinic (cholinergic) receptors

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3
Q

Detrol (tolterodine)

AE

A

Diarrhea, HA, N/V confusion, Oliguria, dysuria, hematuria

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4
Q

Detrol (tolterodine)

Indications

A

Overactive bladder, urge incontinence, enuresis

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5
Q

Enablex (darifenacin)

MOA

A

Anticholinergic antagonist of the M3 muscarinic (cholinergic) receptor subtype

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6
Q

Enablex (darifenacin)

Indication

A

Urge incontinence and urinary urgency/ freq

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7
Q

Enablex (darifenacin)

AE

A

Bladder pain, hematuria, dysuria, urgency/frequency

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8
Q

Oxytrol or Ditropan (oxybutynin)

MOA

A

Antispasmodic inhibits the action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle

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9
Q

Oxytrol or Ditropan (oxybutynin)

Indication

A

Urge incontinence, OAB

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10
Q

Oxytrol or Ditropan (oxybutynin)

AE

A

Belching, diarrhea, indigestion, headache, N/V

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11
Q

Myrbetriq (mirabegron)

MOA

A

Beta3 adrenergic agonist (Relaxes detrusor ms)

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12
Q

Myrbetriq (mirabegron)

Indications

A

OAB, urge incontinence

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13
Q

Myrbetriq (mirabegron)

AE

A

HTN, arrhythmia, HA, dizziness, N/V

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14
Q

Cymbalta (duloxetine*)

MOA

A

Serotonin and NE reuptake inhibitor (inc sphincter tone)

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15
Q

Cymbalta (duloxetine*)

Indications

A

Stress urinary incontinence

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16
Q

Cymbalta (duloxetine*)

AE

A

Dizziness, arrhythmia, rash, N/V, HA, frequency

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17
Q

Urinary retention

A

Urecholine (bethanechol)

Flomax (tamulosin)

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18
Q

Urecholine (bethanechol)

MOA

A

Muscarinic 1,3 agonist (cholinergic agonist)

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19
Q

Urecholine (bethanechol)

Indication

A

Neurogenic atony of bladder overflow incontinence

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20
Q

Urecholine (bethanechol)

AE

A

Hypotension, tachycardia, colic, n/v, salivation, HA, urinary urgency
Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Diarrhea

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21
Q

Flomax (tamulosin)

MOA

A

Selective Alpha 1A Blocker adrenoreceptor antagonist

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22
Q

Flomax (tamulosin)

Indication

A

BPH—relaxes the bladder neck

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23
Q

Flomax (tamulosin)

AE

A

Hypotension, headache, dizziness, ejaculation failure

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24
Q

Urinary tract pain

A

Narcotic analgesic (eg Demerol, oxycontin)
NSAID
Pyridium (phenazopyridine HCl)

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25
Q 
Narcotic analgesic (eg Demerol, oxycontin)
MOA
A

Opiate receptor agonist

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26
Q 
Narcotic analgesic (eg Demerol, oxycontin)
Indication
A

Chronic pain (or acute)

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27
Q 
Narcotic analgesic (eg Demerol, oxycontin)
AE
A

Drowsiness, Constipation, rash, low BP

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28
Q

NSAID

MOA

A

COX 2 inhibitor (release anti-inflm PGs)

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29
Q

NSAID

Indication

A

Acute and chronic pain

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30
Q

NSAID

AE

A

Bloating, diarrhea, N/V, edema, high BP. (Ki damage over time)

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31
Q

Pyridium (phenazopyridine HCl)

Indications

A

Dysuria, symptomatic relief

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32
Q

Pyridium (phenazopyridine HCl)

AE

A

Rash, confusion, SOB, wt gain CI in renal and LV disease

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33
Q

Urinary tract Infection

A

Bactrim (SMX-TMP) (sulfamethoxasole & trimethoprim)
Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin)
Beta lactam AB (amoxicillin)
Fluoroquinolones (eg ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin)
Macrolides (eg azithromycin)
Aminoglycosides (eg gentamicin)

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34
Q

Bactrim (SMX-TMP) (sulfamethoxasole & trimethoprim)

MOA

A

Inhibit folic acid

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35
Q

Bactrim (SMX-TMP) (sulfamethoxasole & trimethoprim)

I

A

Acute uncomplicated cystitis, acute PN

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36
Q

Bactrim (SMX-TMP) (sulfamethoxasole & trimethoprim)

AE

A

Rash, HA, diarrhea

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37
Q

Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin)

MOA

A

Inhibit protein synthesis Bactericidal in urine

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38
Q

Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin)

I

A

Cystitis: e coli or staph

39
Q

Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin)

AE

A

HA, nausea, flatulence

40
Q

Beta lactam AB (amoxicillin)

MOA

A

Inhibit cell wall synthesis

41
Q

Beta lactam AB (amoxicillin)

In

A

Staph, strep

42
Q

Beta lactam AB (amoxicillin)

AE

A

Diarrhea, n/v

43
Q

Fluoroquinolones (eg ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin)

MOA

A

Inhibit DNA gyrase

44
Q

Fluoroquinolones (eg ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin)

I

A

Acute complicated UTIs (not first line)

45
Q

Fluoroquinolones (eg ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin)

AE

A

Diarrhea, nausea, headache

46
Q

Macrolides (eg azithromycin)

MOA

A

Inhibit protein synthesis

47
Q

Macrolides (eg azithromycin)

IN

A

Urethritis (STI)

48
Q

Macrolides (eg azithromycin)

AE

A

Diarrhea, n/v, rash

49
Q

Aminoglycosides (eg gentamicin)

MOA

A

Inhibit protein synthesis

50
Q

Aminoglycosides (eg gentamicin)

IN

A

Complicated UTIs

51
Q

Aminoglycosides (eg gentamicin)

AE

A

Edema, HTN, diarrhea

52
Q

Antihypertensive

A

Lisinopril
Atenolol
Nifedipine
Doxazosin

53
Q

Lisinopril

MOA

A

ACE inhibitor

Lowers angiotensin II

54
Q

Lisinopril

IN

A

Diabetic nephropathy

IgA nephropathy

55
Q

Lisinopril

AE

A

Hypotension, dizziness

56
Q

Atenolol

MOA

A

Beta blocker

57
Q

Atenolol

IN

58
Q

Atenolol

AE

A

Hypotension, bradycardia

59
Q

Nifedipine

MOA

A

Calcium channel blocker

60
Q

Nifedipine

IN

A

HTN

Off label: Ureteral calculi

61
Q

Nifedipine

AE

A

Headache, edema

62
Q

Doxazosin

MOA

A

Alpha 1 adrenergic blocker

63
Q

Doxazosin

IN

64
Q

Doxazosin

AE

A

Dizziness, malaise, HA

65
Q

Proteinuria

A 
Lisinopril
Irbesartan, valsartan, candesartan
Furosemide, bumetanide
Metolazone, HCTZ
Spironolactone
Diltiazem, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil
66
Q

Irbesartan, valsartan, candesartan

MOA

A

ARBs

Blocks angiotensin II receptor and aldosterone release

67
Q

Irbesartan, valsartan, candesartan

AE

A

Hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia

68
Q

Furosemide, bumetanide

MOA

A

Loop diuretics

69
Q

Furosemide, bumetanide

IN

A

Edema from heart, LV or Ki disease, HTN

70
Q

Furosemide, bumetanide

AE

A

Hyperuricemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia

71
Q

Metolazone, HCTZ

MOA

A

Thiazide diuretics

72
Q

Metolazone, HCTZ

IN

A

increase urine excretion by inhib Na and Cl transporters, Edema, HTN

73
Q

Metolazone, HCTZ

AE

A

Chest pain, depression dizziness, several others

74
Q

Spironolactone

MOA

A

Aldosterone antagonist

Potassium sparing

75
Q

Spironolactone

IN

A

Edema, HTN

76
Q

Spironolactone

AE

A

Gynecomastia, confusion, HA Monitor K

77
Q

Diltiazem, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil

MOA

A

Calcium channel blockers

78
Q

Diltiazem, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil

IN

A

Edema, HTN

79
Q

Diltiazem, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil

AE

A

Headache, edema

80
Q

Anemia

A

Ferrous sulfate

Epoetin alfa

81
Q

Ferrous sulfate

MOA

A

Replaces iron in HG and myoglobin

82
Q

Ferrous sulfate

IN

A

Iron deficiency anemia

83
Q

Ferrous sulfate

AE

A

Abdominal pain, constipation, N/V

84
Q

Epoetin alfa

MOA

A

Erythropoiesis stimulator

85
Q

Epoetin alfa

IN

A

Anemia from CKD When Hgb <10g/dL (Severe anemia)

86
Q

Epoetin alfa

AE

A

HTN, HA, pruritus, rash, N/V

87
Q

Edema

A

Bumetanide
Furosemide
Metolazone

88
Q

Hyperphosphatemia

A

Phoslo (calcium acetate)

Renagel (sevelamer)

89
Q

Phoslo (calcium acetate)

MOA

A

Phosphate binder

90
Q

Phoslo (calcium acetate)

IN

A

ESRD in dialysis

91
Q

Phoslo (calcium acetate)

AE

A

Constipation, depression, HA, NV

92
Q

Renagel (sevelamer)

MOA

A

Phosphate binder

93
Q

Renagel (sevelamer)

IN

A

ESRD in dialysis

94
Q

Renagel (sevelamer)

AE

A

N/V, diarrhea, dyspepsia

Uro/Neph (3 decks)

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