Pharmacology Flashcards
Which drugs to stop few days before surgery?
Anticoagulants (warfarin) Antiplatelets (aspirin, clop) Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (sildenafil) COCP - 4/52 before surgery Cytokin modulators (-mabs) Antipsychotics MOAIs
Which drugs to stop on the day of surgery?
Lithium NSAIDs Diuretics ACEI Oral hypoglycaemics Steroids - change to IV hydrocort Antihistamines Vitamin & calcium supplements Bishosphonates Homeopathic remedies
Which drugs to continue on the day of surgery?
Cardiac/antihypertensives (non diruetics/ACEI/ARBs) Antiepileptics Antiparkinsonism Inhalers Anti-thyroid meds PPIs/H2 antagonists Immunosuppressants and anti-cancer drugs Paracetamol
Which drugs are associated with gynaecomastia?
Digoxin Isoniazid Spironolactone Cimetidine CCBs Ketoconazole / Metronidazole Oestrogens XS Exogenous androgens Prednisolone Antiandrogens (finasteride) Antiretrovirals
What drugs would you use to reverse Warfarin?
Vit K
Beriplex
FFP
What drugs would you use to reverse antiplatelets (aspirin/clopidogrel)?
Desmopressin
Platelets
What is the action of desmopressin?
1) Increases vW factor
2) Increases Factor VIII
What drugs would you use to in patients with low fibrinogen?
Cryoprecipitate
- Fibrinogen
- vWF
- Factor VIII & XIII
- Fibronectin
What drugs would you use to reverse heparin?
Protamine sulphate
What drugs would you use to reverse Rivaroxaban?
Factor Xa antidote
How many mg is in 1% of local anaesthetic per ml?
10mg
What is the range for lidocaine if 1% is used?
3-5mg/kg => without adrenaline
5-7mg/kg => with adrenaline
What is the range for bupivacaine if 1% is used?
2mg/kg
What is the range for prilocaine if 1% is used?
6mg/kg => without adrenaline
6-9mg/kg => with adrenaline
How does local anaesthetic work?
stops the influx of sodium ions
