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Pharmacology > Pharmacological Management of Urogenital Infections and Gastrointestinal Infections > Flashcards

Pharmacological Management of Urogenital Infections and Gastrointestinal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What is the drug of choice for an uncomplicated UTI or
simple cystitis?

Alternative Agents?

A
  • Co-trimoxazole

Alternative agents include:

  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Nitrofurantoin
  • Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
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2
Q

What are the choice of drugs used to treat an

uncomplicated UTI or simple cystitis in pregnancy?

A
  • Penicillins (eg, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic
    acid)
  • Cephalosporins (eg, cephalexin, cefuroxime)
  • Nitrofurantoin (not after 38 weeks gestation due to
    risk of hemolytic anemia)
  • Sulfonamides (not close to term due to risk of
    kernicterus)
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3
Q

A variety of antibiotics may be used in the treatment of

acute bacterial prostatitis. Options include:

A
  • Fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin or ciprofloxacin)
  • Co-trimoxazole
  • Doxycycline

NB. Remember that penicillins do not reach therapeutic
concentrations within the prostate

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4
Q

Syphilis DOC and alternative agents?

A

DOC: Penicillin G Benzathine

Alternative Agents: Doxycycline, erythromycin

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5
Q

Gonorrhea DOC and alternative agents?

A

DOC: Ceftriaxone

Alternative Agents: Doxycycline, azithromycin

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6
Q

Chlamydia DOC

A

DOC: Azithromycin or doxycycline

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7
Q

Trichomoniasis DOC and alternative agents?

A

DOC: Metronidazole

Alternative Agents: Tinidazole

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8
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis DOC and Alternative agent?

A

DOC: Metronidazole

Alternative Agent: Clindamycin

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9
Q

Antibiotics that frequent cause C. Difficile?

A 
Clindamycin*
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Cephalosporins
Fluoroquinolones
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10
Q

Antibiotics that occasionally cause C. difficile

A

Penicillin
Erythromycin
Trimethoprim

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11
Q

Antibiotics that rarely cause C.difficile?

A 
Tetracycline
Metronidazole
Vancomycin
Fidaxomicin
Aminoglycosides
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12
Q

Treatment of C.difficile DOC and 2nd line?

A

DOC: Vancomycin and Fidaxomicin

2nd line: Metronidazole ( or Fecal microbiota transplant

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13
Q

What is the drug of choice for traveler’s diarrhea?

A

DOC: - Ciprofloxacin

Alternative Agents include:

  • Amoxicillin
  • Azithromycin
  • Doxycycline
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14
Q

The following antibiotics are all commonly used to
treat intraabdominal infections when Bacteroides
fragilis is suspected:

A
  • Metronidazole
  • Carbapenems
  • Clindamycin
  • Beta-lactam plus beta-lactamase inhibitor
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15
Q

The drug of choice for the treatment of giardia is:

A
  • Metronidazole
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16
Q

Regiments of H. Pylori eradication?

A

Bismuth Subsalicylate + metronidazole + tetracycline + PPI

Clarithromycin + amoxicillin + PPI

Clarithromycin + metronidazole + PPI

Clarithromycin + amoxicillin + metronidazole + PPI

17
Q

Bacteroides Preferred and second line antibacterial agents:

A

Preferred Antibacterial
Agent: Metronidazole

2nd line agents: Clindamycin, carbapenems,
penicillins + b-lactamase
inhibitor, chloramphenicol

18
Q

Campylobacter jejuni preferred and second line antibacterial agents:

A

Preferred Antibacterial
Agent:
Azithromycin

2nd line agents:
Erythromycin, ciprofloxacin

19
Q

C.perfringens preferred and second line antibacterial agents:

A

Preferred Antibacterial
Agent: Penicillin +/- clindamycin

2nd line agents: Cephalosporins, doxycycline

20
Q

Enterobacter spp preferred and second line antibacterial agents:

A

Preferred Antibacterial
Agent:
Carbapenem, cefepime

2nd line agent: Aminoglycoside, TMP-SMX,
fluoroquinolone,

21
Q

Enterococcus spp preferred and second line antibacterial agents:

A

Preferred Antibacterial
Agent: Ampicillin +/- gentamicin,
vancomycin +/- gentamicin

second line agents: Linezolid, daptomycin,
streptogramins

22
Q

E. Coli preferred and second line antibacterial agents:

A

Preferred Antibacterial
Agent:
Cephalosporins,
fluoroquinolones,

second line agents:
Many penicillins +/- b-lactamase
inhibitor, TMPSMX,
aminoglycosides

23
Q

Salmonella Typhi preferred and second line antibacterial agents:

A

Preferred Antibacterial
Agent: Ceftriaxone or
fluoroquinolone

Second Line Agents: Chloramphenicol, TMPSMX,
ampicillin

24
Q

S. Aureus or Epidermis and Methicillin-susceptible Preferred Antibacterial
Agent and second line agents:

A 
Preferred Antibacterial
Agent: 
Antistaphylococcal
penicillin (nafcillin,
oxacillin, dicloxacillin)

Second line agents: Cephalosporin,
clindamycin,
fluoroquinolone,
imipenem

25
Q

Methicillin-resistant Preferred Antibacterial Agents and second line agents:

A

Preferred Antibacterial
Agent:
Vancomycin, linezolid

Second-line Antibacterial
Agent(s): 
Daptomycin,
doxycycline,
fluoroquinolone,
streptogramins

Pharmacology (49 decks)

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