Anticancer 1

Question 1

Common toxicity associated with Anticancer drugs.

Answer 1

Severe vomiting
• Stomatitis
• Bone marrow suppression
• Alopecia

Question 2

Anticancer drugs with high relative myelosuppression

Answer 2

Cytarabine
Alkylating agents
Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin
Vinblastine

Question 3

Anticancer drugs with medium relative myelosuppression

Answer 3

Carboplatin
Methotrexate
5-FU

Question 4

Anticancer drugs with low relative myelosuppression

Answer 4

Bleomycin
Vincristine
Asparaginase

Question 5

AE of Doxorubicin?

Answer 5

Cardiotoxicitiy

Question 6

Ae of Cyclophosphamide

Answer 6

hemorrhagic

cystitis

Question 7

Ae of Bleomycin

Answer 7

pulmonary fibrosis.

Question 8

Ae of Vincristine and paclitaxel

Answer 8

peripheral

neuropathy

Question 9

What types of drugs are used to minimize chemotherapy induced emesis?

Answer 9

5HT3 receptor blockers and NK-1 inhibitors

Question 10

What areused in prevention

and treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

Answer 10

Filgrastim and sargramostim

Question 11

Rescues bone marrow from methotrexate?

Answer 11

Leucovorin

Question 12

Reduces hemorrhagic cystitis caused by

cyclophosphamide.

Answer 12

Mesna

Question 13

Reduces anthracycline-induced

cardiotoxicity.

Answer 13

Dexrazoxane

Question 14

Reduces renal toxicity caused by cisplatin.

Answer 14

Amifostine

Question 15

AE of Methotrexate?

Answer 15

Common: Stomatitis, mucositis,
myelosuppression, alopecia, nausea, vomiting.
• Renal Damage: Uncommon. Complication of
high-dose methotrexate.
• Hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis.
• Pneumonitis.
• Neurologic Toxicities. With IT administration.

Question 16

MOA of Methotrexate?

Answer 16

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
• The cell is deprived of folate
• The synthesis of dTMP and purine
nucleotides decrease; consequently, synthesis
of DNA, RNA, and protein decreases, leads to cell
death.

Question 17

What and how is methotrexate metabolized?

Answer 17

Methotrexate undergoes conversion to a series
of polyglutamates (MTX-PGs).
• The process is catalyzed by the enzyme
folylpolyglutamate synthase (FPGS).

Question 18

Describe Leucovorin

Answer 18

Leucovorin is N5
-formyl-THF.
• Antidote to drugs that decrease levels of folic
acid, such as methotrexate, to rescue the bone
marrow.
• Leucovorin provides the normal tissues with the
reduced folate, thus circumventing the inhibition
of DHFR.

Question 19

P glycoprotein confers multidrug resistance to which drugs?

Answer 19

Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin
Vincristine
vinblastine
etoposide
tenoposide

Question 20

General MOA of antimetabolites?

Answer 20

Target pathways related to nucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis.
Cycle specific
Main cytotoxic effects are in the S phase.

Question 21

CELL CYCLE-SPECIFIC AGENTS?

Answer 21

Antimetabolites
Bleomycin
Microtubule inhibitors
Epipodophyllotoxins
Camptothecins

Question 22

CELL CYCLE-NONSPECIFIC AGENTS

Answer 22

Alkylating agents
Platinum coordination complexes
Antitumor Antibiotics

Question 23

Which types of rapidly proliferating tissues affected with chemotherapy?

Answer 23

buccal mucosa, bone marrow, GI

mucosa, and hair cells.