Pharmacological aids

Question 1

Pharmological aids

Answer 1

Taken to increase level of hormones or neural transmitters naturally produces by the body

Question 2

Pharmacological aids are :

Answer 2

Anabolic steroids
EPO
Human growth hormone
Diuretics
Beta blockers
Blood doping
Stimulants

Question 3

Anabolic steroids

Answer 3

• Artificially produced testosterone
• Increase protein synthesis which allows for muscle growth
• increases strength and power
• speed up recovery
• increase intensity and duration of training
• strength and power athletes

Question 4

Anabolic steroids risks

Answer 4

• increased aggression and paranoia
• liver and heart damage

Question 5

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 5

• increases bone marrow = increased red blood cell amount = increase haemoglobin = increased oxyhaemoglobin = increased oxygen carrying capacity
• work aerobicly for longer
  -endurance athletes

Question 6

EPO risks

Answer 6

• increase blood viscosity
• increased risk of blood clots & heart failure
• decreased cardiac output cause blood to thick so not flowing efficiently
• decrease in natural EPO production

Question 7

Human growth hormone

Answer 7

• mimics hormone secreted by pituitary gland
• stimulates bone and muscle growth
• increases muscle mass & strength
• increases blood glucose level = more energy in blood for working muscles
• increases fat metabolism
• speed up recovery

Question 8

Human growth hormone risks

Answer 8

• enrage vital organs
• increases glucose = increased risk of diabetes
• increases cancer risk
  abnormal bone and muscle growth

Question 9

Diuretics

Answer 9

• flushes drugs out of system through increased urination
• removes fluid from the body
• increases water in urine leading to weight loss
• helps boxers and jockeys make weight

Question 10

Diuretics risk

Answer 10

Dehydration
Thermal strain
increased blood viscosity
heart attack
muscle cramps
dizziness

Question 11

Beta blockers

Answer 11

• decreases anxiety
• reduces muscle trembles
• inhibits the autonomous nervous system
• improves accuracy and precision
• used by dart, golf, snooker, archery players

Question 12

Beta blockers risks

Answer 12

low blood pressure
tiredness
slowed heart rate

Question 13

Blood doping

Answer 13

• remove blood, freeze it, train to replenish lost blood, replace blood taken before comp
• increases total volume of red blood cells
• increases o2 carrying capacity
• increases aerobic capacity

Question 14

blodd doping risks

Answer 14

Heart failure
bllod clots

Question 15

Stimulants

Answer 15

• Caffeine and cocaine
• increase alertness
• increase heart rate and blood flow = overcome fatigue effects

Can lead to overuse and addiction