Pharmacodynamics/Pharmacokinetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common route of membrane transport for Drugs INTO the cell?

A

Passive Diffusion

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2
Q

What is the most common route of membrane transport for Drugs OUT OF the cell?

A

Active Transport

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3
Q

What kinds of substances will be trapped in Acidic Compartments?

A

Weak Bases

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4
Q

What kind of substances will be trapped in Basic compartments?

A

Weak Acids

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5
Q

What is Bioavailability (F)? How is it calculated/measured?

A

Bioavailability (F) is the fraction of the Drug that reaches the bloodstream.

Bioavailability (F) = AUC(route used) / AUC (intravenous)

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6
Q

How do you calculate the amount of drug absorbed?

A

Amount of Drug absorbed=

Salt Factor (S) * Bioavailability (F) * Drug Dose

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7
Q

Is a Drug bioactive when it is bound to a protein? What is alpha a representation of in regards to this?

A

No, a Drug is not bioactive when it is bound to a protein, it is only bioactive when it is free.

Alpha is a variable representing = Free Drug / Protein-Bound Drug

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8
Q

How do you calculate Therapeutic Index?

A

Therapeutic Index =

TD50 (Median Toxic Dose) / ED50 (Median Effective Dose)

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9
Q

What is the name for the specific DNA sequence that a Transcription factor binds to within the promoter/enhancer region of a DNA sequence?

A

Transcription Factors bind to the Response Element within Promoters/Enhancers

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10
Q

What specific area of a GPCR does the G Protein in the cytosol interact with?

A

A G Protein interacts with a GPCR typically around the cytoplasmic loop connecting the 5th (V) and 6th (VI) Transmembrane domains

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11
Q

What specific Adenylate Cyclase do Gi Protein function to inhibit

A

Gi functions to inhibit Adenylate Cyclase 5, 6, and 13

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12
Q

What do Gs and Gi Proteins share in common?

A

Although one activates Adenylate Cyclase and the other inhibits it, they both are able to exert their actions through the action of SRC Tyrosine Kinases

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13
Q

What other way may Protein Kinase A be abbreviated besides PKA?

A

Protein Kinase A may be abbreviated PKA or R2C2

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14
Q

What signaling molecules utilize Receptors Tyrosine Kinases with INTRINSIC tyrosine kinase Activity?

A

Growth factors utilize RTK’s with INTRINSIC Tyrosine Kinase activity. Including: Insulin, IGF-1, VEGF, EGF, NGF, PDGF

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15
Q

What signaling molecules use RTK’s that DO NOT have intrinsic activity, and instead must use Cytosolic Tyrosine Kinases (JAK - Janus Kinases)?

A
Growth Hormone
Interferon
Leptin
EPO
IL 2-10, 15
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