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UNIT 1 + 2 > Pharmacodynamics > Flashcards

Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

structure of neuron

A

dendrites, cell body, axon

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2
Q

what ions involved in action potention

A

Na and K

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3
Q

IN AP - does Na diffuse inwards or outwards

A

inwards

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4
Q

IN AP - does K diffuse inwards or outwards

A

outwards

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE.. In AP, stimulation of neuron changes membrane permeability to ions

A

true

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6
Q

term used in AP when Na floods into cell through sodium channels setting up nerve implulse

A

depolarisation

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7
Q

IN AP, once Na floods cell, what ion flows out of cell, and membrane charge returns to normal (known as repolarisation)

A

potassium (K)

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8
Q

IN AP, what ‘pump’ restores correct ion balance?

A

sodium-potassium pump

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9
Q

name events at the synapse..

A
  • impulse causing depolarisation at synaptic knobs
  • vesicles release NT –.> synaptic cleft
  • NT diffuse across synaptic cleft
  • depolarisation of postsynaptic membrane
  • conductioon of impulse to next neuron or effector organ activated.
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10
Q

Autonomic system made up of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system (SNS and PNS).. true or false

A

true

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11
Q

SNS = maintains essential body functions, or responds to stress?

A

stress

PNS - maintains essential body functions

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12
Q

SNS principal effects with regards to bronchi, vessels, heart rate, eyes

A

smooth muscle relaxtion = bronchodilation, vasodilation, increased HR, dilated pupils

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13
Q

true or false ..PNS decreases blood flow to digestive organs, decreased perstalsis, decreased secretion of urine

A

false… increases them

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14
Q

modes of drug action (3 groups)

A

receptors, enzymes, membrane transport sysytems

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15
Q

antagonist, agonist, partial agonist are involved with what mode of drug action?

A

receptors

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16
Q

antagonist, agonist, partial agonist are involved with what mode of drug action?

A

receptors

17
Q

3 main groups of receptors..

A

adrenergic, cholinergic, histamine

18
Q

Adrenergic contain what receptors, and where is their main location?

A

A1-Smooth muscle, blood vessels
A2-Smooth muscle, blood vessels (CNS)
B1 - HEART
B2 - Smooth muscle inc cardiac n resp

19
Q

example of B2 agonist ..

A

salbutamol

20
Q

name given to a drug (exogenous ligand) that interact with receptor and activates it

A

agonist

21
Q

name given to a drug (exogenous ligand) that interacts with receptor and blocks natural messenger (competitive)

A

antagonist

22
Q

partial antagonists have properties of both but are less potent as..

A

agonists

23
Q

term for chemical messenger

A

ligand

24
Q

name given to locally chemicals that bind to receptors on adjacent or nearby cell receptors - producing effect (e.g histamine)

A

mediators

25
Q

name given to locally chemicals that bind to receptors on adjacent or nearby cell receptors - producing effect (e.g histamine)

A

mediators

26
Q

true or false.. adrenergic reseptors include noradrenaline and adrenaline from adrenal medulla(SNS)

A

true

27
Q

cholinergic receptors are sodium based? true or false?

A

false - Acetylcholine receptors (PNS)

28
Q

H2 receptors are located where?

A

stomach

29
Q

example of h2 agonist

A

histamine

30
Q

eg of H2 antagonist

A

cimetidine

31
Q

eg of H1 antagonist

A

cetrizine

32
Q

eg of enzyme inhibitor

A

ACE INHIBITOR (RAMIPRIL)

33
Q

eg of membrane transport systems inhibitor

A
  • Na channels (lidocaine)

- Ca channels (amlodipine)

34
Q

example of B2 agonist …? .. action? S/E?

A

salbutamol - activates B2 receptor in smooth muscle = bronchodilation. S/E = tremor, tachycardia

35
Q

eg of membrane transport systems inhibitor

A
  • Na channels (lidocaine)

- Ca channels (amlodipine)

36
Q

eg of B1 antagonist (B blocker).. ? .. action.. S/E?

A

atenolol.. blocks B1 receptor in heart, dec. HR, contracitiy of heart. S/E = bradycardia

UNIT 1 + 2 (4 decks)

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